A supra-national TSO to enhance offshore wind power development in the Baltic Sea? A legal and regulatory analysis. (May 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Sunila, Kanerva; Bergaentzlé, Claire; Martin, Bénédicte; Ekroos, Ari
• Is Part Of: Energy policy. Volume 128(2019)
• Page Start: 775
• Page End: 782
• Publication Date: 2019-05
• Subjects: Meshed offshore grid -- Supra-national TSO -- Electricity market legislation -- Network regulation -- Offshore wind power; Energy policy -- Periodicals; Politique énergétique -- Périodiques; Electronic journals; 333.79
• DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2019.01.047
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0301-4215

Abstract

Abstract: Offshore wind power development is expected to play an important role in meeting the EU climate targets. To integrate offshore wind power, advanced offshore infrastructures such as meshed grids are suggested to optimise the grid development. Meshed offshore grids refer to integrated offshore infrastructure where offshore wind power hubs are interconnected to several countries as opposed to radial connection linking the wind farm to one single country and market. However, development of meshed architectures is hindered by the legal and regulatory barriers. Earlier research has identified the lack of cooperation and misalignments in national legal and regulatory frameworks as being the main risk factors in integrated offshore network investments. The purpose of this article is to investigate whether a supra-national TSO could facilitate regional cooperation and coordinated investments to develop meshed offshore grids. Several studies have discussed the case of North Seas, but the Baltic Sea region has had less attention despite the large offshore wind development potential. In this paper, a multi-disciplinary approach combining legal dogmatics and regulatory economics is used to identify the existing barriers and the possible solutions. The Baltic Sea countries are used as illustration. We suggest legal and regulatory recommendations that comply with the EU energy policy targets of sustainability, competition and reliability. Highlights: Meshed offshore grids (MOG) facilitate decarbonised, competitive & reliable markets. A clear legal definition of MOG is currently lacking, which results uncertainties. MOG development is currently hindered by legal and regulatory barriers. A supra-national offshore TSO could address some of the key barriers of MOG.