Outcome of relapse after allogeneic stem cell transplant in patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Issue 6 (June 2013)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Devillier, Raynier; Crocchiolo, Roberto; Etienne, Anne; Prebet, Thomas; Charbonnier, Aude; Fürst, Sabine; El-Cheikh, Jean; D'Incan, Evelyne; Rey, Jérôme; Faucher, Catherine; Blaise, Didier; Vey, Norbert
• Is Part Of: Leukemia & lymphoma. Volume 54:Issue 6(2013:Jun.)
• Page Start: 1228
• Page End: 1234
• Publication Date: 2013-06
• Subjects: Acute myeloid leukemia -- allogeneic stem cell transplantation -- relapse; Leukemia -- Periodicals; Lymphomas -- Periodicals; 616.99419
• DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2012.741230
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1042-8194

Abstract

Abstract: Although allogeneic stem cell transplant (Allo-SCT) is an effective treatment for high-risk acute myeloid leukemia (AML), relapses remain a major cause of treatment failure. There is currently no standard of care for post-transplant relapse of AML, but the increasing numbers of investigational agents in this setting require a better knowledge of their outcome. We retrospectively evaluated the efficacy of salvage therapies in 54 patients with AML relapsing after Allo-SCT. Twenty-four patients received intensive salvage treatment (17 non-intensive chemotherapy, 13 supportive care). Complete remissions (CRs) were seen only in the group who received intensive salvage (CR rate: 17/24 [71%]). One-year overall survival was 19% (median: 3.4 months) in the whole study group and 33% in the intensive savage group (vs. 7% for patients without intensive salvage, p = 0.004). Factors influencing overall survival (OS) were: time to relapse after Allo-SCT (hazard ratio [HR]: 3.7 [1.6–8.8]) and performance status (PS) at relapse (HR: 2.2 [1.1–4.4]) by multivariate analysis. Our results confirm the poor prognosis of AML relapse after Allo-SCT. In selected patients salvage chemotherapy produces CRs, but these are short lived. Other strategies aiming at modulating immune antileukemic activity have to be developed.