Type 2/Th2‐driven inflammation impairs olfactory sensory neurogenesis in mouse chronic rhinosinusitis model. Issue 3 (16th December 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Rouyar, Angela; Classe, Marion; Gorski, Raphael; Bock, Marie‐Dominique; Le‐Guern, Joelle; Roche, Sandrine; Fourgous, Valerie; Remaury, Anne; Paul, Pascal; Ponsolles, Clara; Françon, Dominique; Rocheteau‐Beaujouan, Laurence; Clément, Margerie; Haddad, El‐Bdaoui; Guillemot, Jean‐Claude; Didier, Michel; Biton, Bruno; Orsini, Cecile; Mikol, Vincent; Leonetti, Maud
• Is Part Of: Allergy. Volume 74:Issue 3(2019)
• Page Start: 549
• Page End: 559
• Publication Date: 2018-12-16
• Subjects: chronic rhinosinusitis -- olfaction -- olfactory epithelium -- sensory neurogenesis -- Type 2/Th2 inflammation; Allergy -- Periodicals; 616.97
• DOI: 10.1111/all.13559
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0105-4538

Abstract

Abstract: Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a chronic inflammatory disease often accompanied by impairment of sense of smell. This symptom has been somewhat overlooked, and its relationship to inflammatory cytokines, tissue compression, neuronal loss, and neurogenesis is still unclear. Methods: In order to elucidate potential mechanisms leading to CRS in humans, we have established a type 2/T helper type 2 cell (Th2)‐mediated allergic CRS mouse model, based on house dust mite (HDM) and Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B (SEB) sensitization. The inflammatory status of the olfactory epithelium (OE) was assessed using histology, biochemistry, and transcriptomics. The sense of smell was evaluated by studying olfactory behavior and recording electro‐olfactograms (EOGs). Results: After 22 weeks, a typical type 2/Th2‐mediated inflammatory profile was obtained, as demonstrated by increased interleukin (IL)‐4, IL‐5, and IL‐13 in the OE. The number of mast cells and eosinophils was increased, and infiltration of these cells into the olfactory mucosa was also observed. In parallel, transcriptomic and histology analyses indicated a decreased number of immature olfactory neurons, possibly due to decreased renewal. However, the number of mature sensory neurons was not affected and neither the EOG nor olfactory behavior was impaired. Conclusion: Our mouse model of CRS displayed an allergic response to HDM + SEB administration, including the type 2/Th2 inflammatory profile characteristic of human eosinophilic CRSwNP. Although the sense of smell did not appear to be altered in these conditions, the data reveal the influence of chronic inflammation on olfactory neurogenesis, suggesting that factors unique to humans may be involved in CRSwNP‐associated anosmia. Abstract : Mice intranasally exposed to house dust mite extract + Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B develop allergic chronic sinusitis (CRS) with a local Type 2/Th2 response Type 2/Th2 cytokine release associates with eosinophil and mast cell infiltration, decreased immature OSN in the olfactory epithelium, and no loss of smell Although sense of smell did not appear to be altered in this model, the data reveal the influence of chronic inflammation on olfactory neurogenesis