Paediatric MOG antibody–associated ADEM with complex movement disorder: A case report. (January 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Sa, Mario; Thornton, Rachel; Chong, WK Kling; Kaliakatsos, Marios; Hacohen, Yael
• Is Part Of: Multiple sclerosis. Volume 25:Number 1(2019)
• Page Start: 125
• Page End: 128
• Publication Date: 2019-01
• Subjects: EEG -- immunology -- MRI -- treatment response; Central nervous system -- Diseases -- Periodicals; Myelin sheath -- Diseases -- Periodicals; Inflammation -- Periodicals; Multiple sclerosis -- Periodicals; Central Nervous System Diseases -- Periodicals; Demyelinating Diseases -- Periodicals; Inflammation -- Periodicals; Multiple Sclerosis -- Periodicals; Système nerveux central -- Maladies -- Périodiques; Gaine de myéline -- Maladies -- Périodiques; Inflammation (Pathologie) -- Périodiques; Sclérose en plaques -- Périodiques; Electronic journals; 616.834005
• DOI: 10.1177/1352458518786074
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1352-4585

Abstract

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies (MOG-Abs) are a well-recognized cause of acquired demyelinating syndromes in both adult and children. Despite basal ganglia involvement on imaging, movement disorder is not a cardinal feature. We describe a 2-year-9-month-old girl who presented with severe encephalopathy with aphasia, seizures and a complex movement disorder with dystonic posturing and tonic eye deviation. Neuroimaging revealed subtle asymmetrical predominantly white matter signal changes. MOG-Abs were positive in the serum. Other known pathogenic autoantibodies including N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antibodies (NMDAR-Abs) were negative. The patient made a complete recovery following 2-week corticosteroid treatment. This case highlights the need for MOG-Ab testing in children with suspected autoimmune encephalopathies.