Advances in Analyzing Virus-Induced Alterations of Host Cell Splicing. Issue 3 (March 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Ashraf, Usama; Benoit-Pilven, Clara; Lacroix, Vincent; Navratil, Vincent; Naffakh, Nadia
• Is Part Of: Trends in microbiology. Volume 27:Issue 3(2019)
• Page Start: 268
• Page End: 281
• Publication Date: 2019-03
• Subjects: alternative splicing -- genome-wide transcriptomics -- systems biology -- virus–host interaction; Microbiology -- Periodicals; Infection -- Periodicals; Virulence (Microbiology) -- Periodicals; Infection -- Periodicals; Microbiology -- Periodicals; Virulence -- Periodicals; Microbiologie -- Périodiques; Infection -- Périodiques; Virulence (Microbiologie) -- Périodiques; Infection; Microbiology; Virulence (Microbiology); 579
• DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2018.11.004
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0966-842X

Abstract

Abstract : Alteration of host cell splicing is a common feature of many viral infections which is underappreciated because of the complexity and technical difficulty of studying alternative splicing (AS) regulation. Recent advances in RNA sequencing technologies revealed that up to several hundreds of host genes can show altered mRNA splicing upon viral infection. The observed changes in AS events can be either a direct consequence of viral manipulation of the host splicing machinery or result indirectly from the virus-induced innate immune response or cellular damage. Analysis at a higher resolution with single-cell RNAseq, and at a higher scale with the integration of multiple omics data sets in a systems biology perspective, will be needed to further comprehend this complex facet of virus–host interactions. Highlights: Numerous viruses manipulate the splicing machinery in the host cell. snRNP components and SR proteins are common viral targets. Viral infections induce transcriptome-wide alterations in alternative splicing events. Recent progress in RNAseq and bioinformatics is opening the way to an improved appreciation of the extent and impact of these alterations on pathogenesis.