Immunostimulation of Cyprinus carpio using phage lysate of Aeromonas hydrophila. Issue 86 (March 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Yun, Saekil; Jun, Jin Woo; Giri, Sib Sankar; Kim, Hyoun Joong; Chi, Cheng; Kim, Sang Geun; Kim, Sang Wha; Kang, Jung Woo; Han, Se Jin; Kwon, Jun; Oh, Woo Taek; Park, Se Chang
• Is Part Of: Fish & shellfish immunology. Issue 86(2019)
• Page Start: 680
• Page End: 687
• Publication Date: 2019-03
• Subjects: Inactivated antigen -- Phage lysate -- Aeromonas hydrophila -- Poly D, L lactide-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) -- Cyprinus carpio; colony forming unit (CFU) -- days post vaccination (DPV) -- formalin-killed whole-cell (FKC) -- median lethal dose (LD50) -- micropaticles (MPs) -- phosphate buffered saline (PBS) -- phage lysate (PL) -- poly D, L lactide-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) -- poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) -- quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) -- tryptic soy agar (TSA) -- water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) -- weeks post-vaccination (wpv); Fishes -- Immunology -- Periodicals; Shellfish -- Immunology -- Periodicals; Poissons -- Immunologie -- Périodiques; Crustacés -- Immunologie -- Périodiques; 571.9617
• DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.11.076
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1050-4648

Abstract

Abstract: Over the last 50 years, various approaches have been established for the development of antigens for immunostimulation. We used phage lysate (PL), composed of inactivated antigens by the lytic bacteriophage pAh 6-c for Aeromonas hydrophila JUNAH strain to develop a vaccine for the prevention of A. hydrophila infection in Cyprinus carpio (common carp). We also assessed the polyD, L lactide-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) microparticles encapsulation method to increase the efficiency of the vaccine. Six groups of vaccines involving encapsulated by PLGA, formalin killed cells, or phage lysate at low or high concentration were prepared for intraperitoneal injection in C. carpio . Blood specimens and head kidney samples were collected at various time points for bacterial agglutination assay and to assess relative expression of immune-related genes interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), lysozyme C, and serum amyloid A (SAA). The vaccine groups using high dose phage lysate antigen showed significantly higher agglutination titers than all other groups at 4- and 6-weeks post vaccination (wpv), with the titer of the PLGA encapsulated vaccine group being highest from 10 wpv to the end of the experiment. The survival rate of fish immunized with the phage lysate vaccines were higher than that of fish immunized with the formailin killed cells vaccine in the challenge experiment conducted 6 wpv. Additionally, the PLGA-encapsulated high dose phage lysate antigen vaccinated groups showed the best protective efficacy in the challenge experiment 12 wpv. Vaccines using the phage lysate antigen also showed higher IL-1β and lysozyme C gene expression at 7 days post vaccination (dpv) and 2 wpv, and higher TNF-α gene expression was seen at 7 dpv. Higher SAA gene expression was seen in these groups at 1 dpv. These results suggest that phage lysate antigen has the potential to induce robust immune responses than formalin killed cells-based vaccines, and could be more effective as a novel inactivated antigen in preventing A. hydrophila infection in C. carpio . Highlights: Vaccine formulation using phage lysate (PL) antigen and PLGA encapsulation. Inactivated PL vaccines of Aeromonas hydrophila were evaluated in Cyprinus carpio. PLGA encapsulation is a low-cost, efficient antigen delivery system in aquaculture. Components of innate and adaptive immunity activated by PL antigen vaccine. PL could be an alternative for developing novel potent inactivated antigen in fish.