Periodontal and chronic kidney disease association: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Issue 2 (29th January 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Kapellas, Kostas; Singh, Ankur; Bertotti, Maitê; Nascimento, Gustavo G.; Jamieson, Lisa M
• Is Part Of: Nephrology. Volume 24:Issue 2(2019)
• Page Start: 202
• Page End: 212
• Publication Date: 2019-01-29
• Subjects: periodontal diseases -- renal insufficiency, chronic -- review -- systematic -- meta‐analysis; Nephrology -- Periodicals; Kidneys -- Diseases -- Periodicals; Nephrologists -- Periodicals; 616.61; 616.61
• DOI: 10.1111/nep.13225
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1320-5358

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Aim: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and kidney failure is increasing globally and evidence from observational studies suggest periodontal disease may contribute to kidney functional decline. Methods: Electronic searches of the PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane Library databases were conducted for the purposes of conducting a systematic review. Hand searching of reference lists was also performed. Meta‐analysis of observational studies involving periodontal disease and chronic kidney disease in adults was performed. Results: A total of 17 studies was selected from an initial 4055 abstracts. Pooled estimates indicated the odds of having CKD were 60% higher among patients with periodontitis: pooled OR 1.60 (95% CI 1.44–1.79, I 2 35.2%, P = 0.11) compared to those without. Conversely, a similar magnitude but non‐significant higher odds of having periodontal disease was found among people with CKD 1.69 (95% CI: 0.84, 3.40, I 2 = 89.8%, P < 0.00) versus non‐CKD. Meta‐regression revealed study quality based on the Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale and statistical adjustment for potential confounders explained almost 35% of the heterogeneity in the studies investigating the association between CKD and periodontitis. Conclusions: Moderate evidence for a positive association between periodontitis and CKD exists. Evidence for the opposite direction is extremely weak based on significant heterogeneity between studies. Summary at a Glance: The authors give a systematic review on the current state of knowledge on the association between periodontal disease and chronic kidney disease.