Praying for Rain? Water Scarcity and the Duration and Outcomes of Civil Wars. Issue 1 (2nd January 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Keels, Eric
• Is Part Of: Defence and peace economics. Volume 30:Issue 1(2019)
• Page Start: 27
• Page End: 45
• Publication Date: 2019-01-02
• Subjects: Civil war duration -- water scarcity -- rebel strength -- resources; Military readiness -- Economic aspects -- Periodicals; Disarmament -- Economic aspects -- Periodicals; 338.47355
• DOI: 10.1080/10242694.2017.1320184
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1024-2694

Abstract

Abstract: Recent anecdotal evidence from the civil wars in Somalia and Yemen suggest that water scarcity may shape the dynamics of civil wars. While a considerable body of research has examined the connection between water scarcity (such as low rainfall) and the onset of civil war, very little research has examined how water scarcity may shape the duration and outcomes of civil wars. Looking specifically at rainfall, this paper argues that changes in access to water play a key role in the duration of civil wars. As rainfall declines, there is a reduction in resources available to both the government and the rebel group, leading to a stalemate in fighting. Furthermore, this paper argues that declines in rainfall are felt more acutely by rebel groups who seek to challenge the government through conventional warfare. This paper tests these propositions using hazard models. The results provide robust support for the propositions.