Adipose tissue oxylipin profiles vary by anatomical site and are altered by dietary linoleic acid in rats. (February 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Cayer, Lucien G.J.; Mendonça, Anne M.; Pauls, Samantha D.; Winter, Tanja; Leng, Shan; Taylor, Carla G.; Zahradka, Peter; Aukema, Harold M.
• Is Part Of: Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids. Volume 141(2019)
• Page Start: 24
• Page End: 32
• Publication Date: 2019-02
• Subjects: Oxylipins -- Adipose Tissue -- Rat -- Linoleic Acid -- Alpha-Linolenic Acid; ALA α-linolenic acid -- AA arachidonic acid -- CRP C-reactive protein -- CHD coronary heart disease -- COX cyclooxygenase -- CYP cytochrome P450 -- cPLA2 cytosolic phospholipase A2 -- DGLA dihomo-γ-linolenic acid -- dh dihydro -- dhk dihydroketo -- DiHDoHE dihydroxy-docosahexaenoic acid -- DiHDoPE dihydroxy-docosapentaenoic acid -- DiHETrE dihydroxy-eicosatrienoic acid -- DiHOME dihydroxy-octadecenoic acid -- DHA docosahexaenoic acid -- DPA docosapentaenoic acidn-3 -- EPA eicosapentaenoic acid -- EpDPE epoxy-eicosadocosapentaenoic acid -- EpETE epoxy-eicosatetraenoic acid -- EpETrE epoxy-eicosatrienoic acid -- EpODE epoxy-eicosadienoic acid -- EpOME epoxy-octadecenoic acid -- FA fatty acid -- GAT gonadal adipose tissue -- GLA gamma-linolenic acid -- HDoHE hydroxy-docosahexaenoic acid -- HEPE hydroxy-eicosa- pentaenoic acid -- HETE hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid -- HETrE hydroxy-eicosatrienoic acid -- HHTrE hydroxy-heptadecatrienoic acid -- HODE hydroxy-octadecadienoic acid -- HOTrE hydroxy-octadecatrienoic acid -- k keto -- LOX lipoxygenase -- LA linoleic acid -- MAT mesenteric adipose tissue -- MCP-1 monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 -- NL neutral lipid -- oxoEDE oxo-eicosadienoic acid -- oxoETE oxo-eicosatetraenoic acid -- oxoODE oxo-octadecadienoic acid -- oxoOTrE oxo-octadecatrienoic acid -- PAT perirenal adipose tissue -- PPAR peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor -- PL phospholipid -- PUFA polyunsaturated fatty acid -- PG prostaglandin -- SAT subcutaneous adipose tissue -- TriHOME trihydroxy-octadecenoic acid -- TNF-α tumor necrosis factor-α -- VAD visceral adipose depots; Lipids -- Periodicals; Unsaturated fatty acids -- Periodicals; Prostaglandins -- Periodicals; Leukotrienes -- Periodicals; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated -- Periodicals; Acides gras insaturés -- Périodiques; Prostaglandines -- Périodiques; Leucotriènes -- Périodiques; Lipides -- Périodiques; 612.01577
• DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2018.12.004
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0952-3278

Abstract

Highlights: Oxylipin profiles of four rat adipose depots were determined. Depots differed in 20–22 carbon oxylipins from cytochrome P450 and cyclooxygenase. Linoleic acid derived lipoxygenase products made up the majority of oxylipin mass. Dietary linoleic acid increased n-6 PUFA derived oxylipins. Dietary linoleic acid with α-linolenic acid reduced n-6 PUFA oxylipins to control. Abstract: Dietary PUFA and their effects on adipose tissue have been well studied, but oxylipins, the oxygenated metabolites of PUFA, have been sparsely studied in adipose tissue. To determine the oxylipin profile and to examine their potential importance in various adipose sites, female and male rats were provided control, high linoleic acid (LA), or high LA and high α-linolenic acid (LA + ALA) diets for six weeks. Analysis of gonadal (GAT), mesenteric (MAT), perirenal (PAT), and subcutaneous adipose tissues (SAT) revealed higher numbers of oxylipins in MAT and SAT, primarily due to 20–22 carbon cytochrome P450 oxylipins, as well as metabolites of cyclooxygenase derived oxylipins. LA oxylipins made up 75–96% of the total oxylipin mass and largely determined the total relative amounts between depots (GAT > MAT > PAT > SAT). However, when the two most abundant LA oxylipins (TriHOMEs) were excluded, MAT had the highest mass of oxylipins and exhibited the most sex differences. These differences existed despite comparable PUFA composition between depots. Dietary LA increased oxylipins derived from n-6 PUFA, and the addition of ALA generally returned n-6 PUFA oxylipins to levels similar to control and elevated some n-3 oxylipins. These data on oxylipin profiles in adipose depots from different anatomical sites and the effects of diet and sex provide fundamental knowledge that will aid future studies investigating the physiological effects of adipose tissue.