Body Composition Technology: Implications for the ICU. (26th December 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Mundi, Manpreet S.; Patel, Jayshil J.; Martindale, Robert
• Is Part Of: Nutrition in clinical practice. Volume 34:Number 1(2019)
• Page Start: 48
• Page End: 58
• Publication Date: 2018-12-26
• Subjects: Bioimpedance -- body composition -- computed tomography -- critical illness -- dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry -- electrical impedance -- nutrition assessment -- ultrasound; Nutrition -- Periodicals; Diet therapy -- Periodicals; Artificial feeding -- Periodicals; 615.854
• DOI: 10.1002/ncp.10230
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0884-5336

Abstract

Abstract: Malnutrition continues to be highly prevalent in hospitalized and critically ill patients and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Additionally, survivors of critical illness have an increased risk for sarcopenia, which leads to weakness and physical debilitation that can persist for years. Nutrition risk assessment tools have been developed and validated in critically ill patients but have limitations. Variables such as body weight, body mass index, weight change, or percentage of food intake can be difficult to obtain in critically ill patients and may be misleading given changes in body composition, such as an increase in body water. Assessment of body composition through new techniques provides a unique opportunity to counter some of these limitations and develop improved methods of nutrition risk assessment based on objective data. The present manuscript provides a review of the most commonly available clinical technology for assessment of body composition (bioimpedance, computed tomography, and ultrasound), including data from trials in critically ill patients highlighting the benefits and weaknesses of each modality.