Does sleep partially mediate the effect of everyday discrimination on future mental and physical health?. (January 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Hisler, Garrett C.; Brenner, Rachel E.
• Is Part Of: Social science & medicine. Volume 221(2019)
• Page Start: 115
• Page End: 123
• Publication Date: 2019-01
• Subjects: Discrimination -- Sleep -- Physical health -- Mental health -- Multiple marginalized identities; Social medicine -- Periodicals; Medical anthropology -- Periodicals; Public health -- Periodicals; Psychology -- Periodicals; Medicine -- Periodicals; Medicine -- Periodicals; Médecine sociale -- Périodiques; Anthropologie médicale -- Périodiques; Santé publique -- Périodiques; Psychologie -- Périodiques; Médecine -- Périodiques; Electronic journals; 362.105
• DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.12.002
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0277-9536

Abstract

Abstract: Objective: The current study examined whether sleep mediates the effect of discrimination experiences on mental and physical health over time. Prior research suggests a partially mediated relation; however, these studies used cross-sectional designs which provide insufficient causal evidence. Method: The study used longitudinal data available from the Midlife in the United States Study (MIDUS II, Biomarker project, and MIDUS III) applying structural equation modeling to evaluate whether self-reported sleep ( N = 866) mediated the impact of discrimination on mental and physical health outcomes. Results: Self-reported sleep quality partially mediated the effect of discrimination on mental and physical health. Analyses also indicated self-reported daytime dysfunction (i.e., difficulties maintaining alertness and motivation during the day) as a key component of sleep that mediates the discrimination and mental and physical health relations. Interestingly, having multiple marginalized identities did not amplify the impact of discrimination on sleep and health. Conclusions: These findings build upon previous cross-sectional research by better supporting the causal assertion that experiences of discrimination undermine sleep, which in turn worsens both mental and physical health. Altogether, results underscore the harmful impact of discrimination on health indirectly through sleep and offer insight into directions for future research. Highlights: Discrimination harms future mental and physical health partially through sleep. Daytime sleepiness and motivation were at the core of this pathway. Multiple marginalized identities did not moderate the effect of discrimination.