Risk Factors Associated With Early Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis in Kidney Transplant Recipients: Results From a Multinational Matched Case–Control Study. Issue 7 (10th March 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: López‐Medrano, F.; Silva, J. T.; Fernández‐Ruiz, M.; Carver, P. L.; van Delden, C.; Merino, E.; Pérez‐Saez, M. J.; Montero, M.; Coussement, J.; de Abreu Mazzolin, M.; Cervera, C.; Santos, L.; Sabé, N.; Scemla, A.; Cordero, E.; Cruzado‐Vega, L.; Martín‐Moreno, P. L.; Len, Ó.; Rudas, E.; de León, A. Ponce; Arriola, M.; Lauzurica, R.; David, M.; González‐Rico, C.; Henríquez‐Palop, F.; Fortún, J.; Nucci, M.; Manuel, O.; Paño‐Pardo, J. R.; Montejo, M.; Muñoz, P.; Sánchez‐Sobrino, B.; Mazuecos, A.; Pascual, J.; Horcajada, J. P.; Lecompte, T.; Lumbreras, C.; Moreno, A.; Carratalà, J.; Blanes, M.; Hernández, D.; Hernández‐Méndez, E. A.; Fariñas, M. C.; Perelló‐Carrascosa, M.; Morales, J. M.; Andrés, A.; Aguado, J. M.;
• Is Part Of: American journal of transplantation. Volume 16:Issue 7(2016:Jul.)
• Page Start: 2148
• Page End: 2157
• Publication Date: 2016-03-10
• Subjects: clinical research/practice -- infectious disease -- kidney transplantation/nephrology -- infection and infectious agents -- fungal -- epidemiology; Transplantation of organs, tissues, etc -- Periodicals; 617.95
• DOI: 10.1111/ajt.13735
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1600-6135

Abstract

Abstract : Risk factors for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) after kidney transplantation have been poorly explored. We performed a multinational case–control study that included 51 kidney transplant (KT) recipients diagnosed with early (first 180 posttransplant days) IPA at 19 institutions between 2000 and 2013. Control recipients were matched (1:1 ratio) by center and date of transplantation. Overall mortality among cases was 60.8%, and 25.0% of living recipients experienced graft loss. Pretransplant diagnosis of chronic pulmonary obstructive disease (COPD; odds ratio [OR]: 9.96; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.09–90.58; p = 0.041) and delayed graft function (OR: 3.40; 95% CI: 1.08–10.73; p = 0.037) were identified as independent risk factors for IPA among those variables already available in the immediate peritransplant period. The development of bloodstream infection (OR: 18.76; 95% CI: 1.04–339.37; p = 0.047) and acute graft rejection (OR: 40.73, 95% CI: 3.63–456.98; p = 0.003) within the 3 mo prior to the diagnosis of IPA acted as risk factors during the subsequent period. In conclusion, pretransplant COPD, impaired graft function and the occurrence of serious posttransplant infections may be useful to identify KT recipients at the highest risk of early IPA. Future studies should explore the potential benefit of antimold prophylaxis in this group. Abstract : A multinational case‐control study in kidney transplant recipients finds that pretransplant diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, delayed graft function, bloodstream infection and acute graft rejection identify patients at the highest risk for early invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.