Synthetic Genomics: From DNA Synthesis to Genome Design. Issue 7 (4th January 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Wang, Lianrong; Jiang, Susu; Chen, Chao; He, Wei; Wu, Xiaolin; Wang, Fei; Tong, Tong; Zou, Xuan; Li, Zhiqiang; Luo, Jie; Deng, Zixin; Chen, Shi
• Is Part Of: Angewandte Chemie international edition. Volume 57:Issue 7(2018)
• Page Start: 1748
• Page End: 1756
• Publication Date: 2018-01-04
• Subjects: designed genomes -- DNA -- gene technology -- synthetic biology -- synthetic genomes; Chemistry -- Periodicals; 540
• DOI: 10.1002/anie.201708741
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1433-7851

Abstract

Abstract: Rapid technological advances enabling the construction of designer gene networks, biosynthetic pathways, and even entire genomes are moving the fields of genetics and genomics from descriptive to synthetic applications. Following the synthesis of small viral genomes, advances in DNA assembly and rewriting have enabled the hierarchical synthesis of bacterial genomes, such as Mycoplasma genitalium, as well as recoding of the Escherichia coli genome by reducing the number of codons from 64 to 57. The field has advanced to the point of synthesizing an entire eukaryotic genome. The Synthetic Yeast Genome Project (Sc2.0) is underway and aims to rewrite all 16 Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosomes by 2018; to date, 6.5 chromosomes have been designed and synthesized. Using bottom‐up assembly and applying genome‐wide alterations will improve our understanding of genome structure and function. This approach will not only provide a platform for systematic studies of eukaryotic chromosomes but will also generate diverse "streamlined" strains that are potentially suitable for medical and industrial applications. Herein, we review the current state of synthetic genome research and discuss potential applications of this emerging technology. Abstract : Designer genes : Rapid technological advances enabling the construction of designed gene networks, biosynthetic pathways, and even entire genomes are moving the fields of genetics and genomics from descriptive to synthetic applications. Herein, the current state of synthetic genome research is reviewed and potential applications of this emerging technology are discussed.