Agricultural CH4 and N2O emissions of major economies: Consumption-vs. production-based perspectives. (10th February 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Han, Mengyao; Zhang, Bo; Zhang, Yuqing; Guan, ChengHe
• Is Part Of: Journal of cleaner production. Volume 210(2019)
• Page Start: 276
• Page End: 286
• Publication Date: 2019-02-10
• Subjects: Agriculture -- CH4 and N2O emissions -- Consumption-based accounting -- Multi-regional input-output analysis -- International trade -- Major economies; Factory and trade waste -- Management -- Periodicals; Manufactures -- Environmental aspects -- Periodicals; Déchets industriels -- Gestion -- Périodiques; Usines -- Aspect de l'environnement -- Périodiques; 628.5
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.11.018
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0959-6526

Abstract

Abstract: Agriculture is one of the most important sectors for global anthropogenic methane (CH4 ) and nitrous oxide (N2 O) emissions. While much attention has been paid to production-side agricultural non-CO2 greenhouse gas (ANGHG) emissions, less is known about the emissions from the consumption-based perspective. This paper aims to explore the characteristics of agricultural CH4 and N2 O emissions of global major economies by using the latest emission data from the Food and Agriculture Organization Corporate Statistical Database (FAOSTAT) and the recently available global multi-regional input-output model from the World Input-Output Database (WIOD). The results show that in 2014, the 42 major economies together accounted for 60.7% and 65.0% of global total direct and embodied ANGHG emissions, respectively. The consumption-based ANGHG emissions in the US, Japan, and the EU were much higher than their production-based emissions, while the converse was true for Brazil, Australia, and India. The global-average embodied ANGHG emissions per capita was 0.7 t CO2 -eq, but major developing countries such as China, India, Indonesia and Mexico were all below this average value. We find that the total transfer of embodied ANGHG emissions via international trade was 622.4 Mt CO2 -eq, 11.9% of the global total. China was the largest exporter of embodied ANGHG emissions, while the US was the largest importer. Most developed economies were net importers of embodied emissions. Mexico-US, China-US, China-EU, China-Japan, China-Russia, Brazil-EU, India-EU and India-US formed the main bilateral trading pairs of embodied emission flows. Examining consumption-based inventories can be useful for understanding the impacts of final demand and international trade on agricultural GHG emissions and identifying appropriate mitigation potentials along global supply chains. Highlights: We explore agricultural CH4 and N2 O emission characteristics of 42 major economies. Impacts of final demand and international trade on ANGHG emissions are evaluated. 622.4 Mt CO2 eq CH4 and N2 O emissions in 2014 were embodied in international trade. Developed economies as net importers had high per capita emission requirements.