Toxicity, a serious concern of thermal runaway from commercial Li-ion battery. (September 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Sun, Jie; Li, Jigang; Zhou, Tian; Yang, Kai; Wei, Shouping; Tang, Na; Dang, Nannan; Li, Hong; Qiu, Xinping; Chen, Liquan
• Is Part Of: Nano energy. Volume 27(2016:Sep.)
• Page Start: 313
• Page End: 319
• Publication Date: 2016-09
• Subjects: Toxicity -- Thermal runaway -- Li-ion batteries -- Combustion products -- Identification -- Emergency response; Nanoscience -- Periodicals; Nanotechnology -- Periodicals; Nanostructured materials -- Periodicals; Power resources -- Technological innovations -- Periodicals; Nanoscience; Nanostructured materials; Nanotechnology; Power resources -- Technological innovations; Periodicals; 621.042
• DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2016.06.031
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2211-2855

Abstract

Abstract: The toxicity analysis of combustion products from commercialized Li-ion batteries was performed in this work. More than 100 emitted gaseous products are identified, most of which are hazardous to the human beings and trigger negative impact on the environment. Moreover, the states of charge of battery was found to significantly affect the types of toxic combustion products, and the 100% state of charge even led to the most serious toxicity. The relationship between the concentration of toxic combustion products and battery capacity was also investigated. Interestingly, the concentration of carbon monoxide rose up rapidly up on the increase of the capacity instead of the toxic organic products. This investigation suggests that the efforts on effective battery emergency response could be potentially simplified to achieve cost down for manufacturers. Graphical abstract: Large amount of very toxic and highly toxic compounds were first time detected due to this in-situ GC-Mass analysis. A comprehensive spectrum associating with toxity of LIBs combustion were also established. The toxic emissions are highly depending on the battery materials, cell capacity, and SOC. The 100% SOC is the most dangerous state in terms of toxicity. The concentrations of CO increases sharply with capacities, however, the concentrations of combustion organic products do not show obvious raise compared to CO, but keep at the level of several ppm. So, it could be predicted that CCO would grow rapidly with capacity increasing, but the concentrations of new toxic COPs not. However, it was still noted strongly that the manufactures should chose less capacity cell but not larger capacity cell for EV considering the thermal runaway combustion toxicity. A cell with larger capacity, much more CO it will release in a limit and sealed space combustion. Highlights: Large amount of toxic compounds were first time detected due to this in-situ GC-Mass analysis. The 100% SOC is the most dangerous state in terms of toxicity. The CO concentration increases sharply with capacities, however, the organic products' concentrations do not. Figure out how long the escape time could be obtained for a fire emergency in thermal runaway.