Losing ground: Frontostriatal atrophy disrupts language embodiment in Parkinson's and Huntington's disease. (September 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Birba, Agustina; García-Cordero, Indira; Kozono, Giselle; Legaz, Agustina; Ibáñez, Agustín; Sedeño, Lucas; García, Adolfo M.
• Is Part Of: Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews. Volume 80(2017)
• Page Start: 673
• Page End: 687
• Publication Date: 2017-09
• Subjects: Frontostriatal circuits -- Parkinson's disease -- Huntington's disease -- Embodied cognition -- Action language -- Motor-language coupling -- Syntax; Psychophysiology -- Periodicals; Human behavior -- Periodicals; Animal behavior -- Periodicals; Neurology -- Periodicals; Behavior -- Periodicals; Ethology -- Periodicals; Neurology -- Periodicals; Psychophysiologie -- Périodiques; Comportement humain -- Périodiques; Animaux -- Mœurs et comportement -- Périodiques; Neurologie -- Périodiques; Animal behavior; Human behavior; Neurology; Psychophysiology; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 573.8
• DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.07.011
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0149-7634

Abstract

Highlights: Focusing on frontostriatal circuits, we posit the disrupted motor grounding hypothesis. We review embodied language domains in Parkinson's and Huntington's disease. Frontostriatal damage impairs action semantics and syntax, even preclinically. Such embodied emerge as potentially sensitive biomarkers of motor network atrophy. We outline new theoretical and translational paths for embodied cognition research. Abstract: Within the language domain, movement disorders triggered by frontostriatal damage are characterized by deficits in action verbs, motor-language coupling, and syntax. However, these impairments have not been jointly interpreted under a unifying rationale or integratively assessed in terms of possible clinical implications. To bridge these gaps, here we introduce the "disrupted motor grounding hypothesis", a new framework to conceive such impairments as disturbances of embodied mechanisms (high-order domains based on the recycling of functionally germane sensorimotor circuits). We focus on two relevant lesion models: Parkinson's and Huntington's disease. First, we describe the physiopathology of both conditions as models of progressive frontostriatal impairment. Then, we summarize works assessing action language, motor-language coupling, and syntax in samples at early and preclinical disease stages. To conclude, we discuss the implications of the evidence for neurolinguistic modeling, identify key issues to be addressed in future research, and discuss potential clinical implications. In brief, our work seeks to open new theoretical and translational avenues for embodied cognition research.