Neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer's disease: What might be associated brain circuits?. (June 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Rosenberg, Paul B.; Nowrangi, Milap A.; Lyketsos, Constantine G.
• Is Part Of: Molecular aspects of medicine. Volume 43/44(2015)
• Page Start: 25
• Page End: 37
• Publication Date: 2015-06
• Subjects: Alzheimer's disease -- Neuropsychiatric symptoms -- Agitation -- Apathy -- Depression -- Delusions -- Anterior cingulate cortex -- Posterior cingulate cortex -- Orbitrofrontal cortex -- Inferior temporal cortex -- Insula -- Amygdala -- Neuroimaging -- Functional imaging; ABA atlas-based analysis -- ACC anterior cingulate cortex -- AD Alzheimer's disease -- ADNI Alzheimer' Disease Neuroimaging Initiative -- AES Apathy Evaluation Scale -- AI Apathy Inventory -- Amy amygdala -- bv-FTD behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia -- CMAI Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory -- DMN default mode network -- DTI diffusion tensor imaging -- FA fractional anisotropy -- FC frontal cortex -- FDG-PET [18F] fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography -- FTD frontotemporal dementia -- fMRI functional MRI -- GM gray matter -- HC hippocampus -- ITC inferior temporal cortex -- MRI magnetic resonance imaging -- NPI Neuropsychiatric Inventory -- NPI-NH Neuropsychiatric Inventory, Nursing Home -- NPI-Q Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire -- NPI-C Neuropsychiatric Inventory, Clinician Version -- NPS neuropsychiatric symptoms -- OFC orbitofrontal cortex -- PBE Present Behavior Examination -- PCC posterior cingulate cortex -- PET positron emission tomography -- phospho-tau phosphorylated tau -- PIB-PET Pittsburgh Compound B positron emission tomography -- ROI region of interest -- SPECT [99mTc] HMPAO single-positron emission computerized tomography -- SN salience network -- TBSS Tract-Based Spatial Statistics -- VBM voxel-based morphometry -- WM white matter -- WMH white matter hyperintensities; Pathology, Molecular -- Periodicals; Medicine -- Periodicals; Biochemistry -- Periodicals; Medicine -- Periodicals; Molecular Biology -- Periodicals; Pathologie moléculaire -- Périodiques; Médecine -- Périodiques; Electronic journals; 612.015
• DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2015.05.005
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0098-2997

Abstract

Abstract: Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are very common in Alzheimer's disease (AD), particularly agitation, apathy, depression, and delusions. Brain networks or circuits underlying these symptoms are just starting to be understood, and there is a growing imaging and neurochemical evidence base for understanding potential mechanisms for NPS. We offer a synthetic review of the recent literature and offer hypotheses for potential networks/circuits underlying these NPS, particularly agitation, apathy, and delusions. Agitation in AD appears to be associated with deficits in structure and function of frontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, posterior cingulate cortex, amygdala, and hippocampus, and may be associated with mechanisms underlying misinterpretation of threats and affective regulation. Apathy in AD is associated with frontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, posterior cingulate cortex, as well as orbitofrontal cortex, and inferior temporal cortex, and may be associated with mechanisms underlying avoidance behaviors.