Vitamin D deficiency influences fatty acid metabolism. (January 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Nandi, A.; Wadhwani, N.; Joshi, S.R.
• Is Part Of: Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids. Volume 140(2019)
• Page Start: 57
• Page End: 63
• Publication Date: 2019-01
• Subjects: Arachidonic acid (AA) -- Fatty acid desaturases (FADSs) -- Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) -- Pregnancy -- Vitamin D deficiency; AA arachidonic acid -- AIN-93 American Institute of Nutrition-93 -- DGLA dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid -- ALA alpha-linolenic acid -- CPCSEA committee for the purpose of control and supervision of experimental animals -- DHA docosahexaenoic acid -- EDA eicosadienoic acid -- ELISA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay -- EPA eicosapentaenoic acid -- ETA eicosatetraenoic acid -- EDA eicosadienoic acid -- ETE eicosatrienoic acid -- FADSs fatty acid desaturases -- GLA gamma linolenic acid -- LA linoleic acid -- LCPUFAs long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids -- MUFA monounsaturated fatty acids -- MYR myristic acid -- MYRO myristoleic acid -- NA nervonic acid -- DPA docosapentaenoic acid -- OLE oleic acid -- PAL palmitic acid -- PALO palmitoleic acid -- PGI2 prostacyclin 2 -- RT-qPCR real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction -- SA stearidonic acid -- SCD1s stearoyl-CoA desaturase -- SFA saturated fatty acids -- STE stearic acid -- VDD vitamin D deficient; Lipids -- Periodicals; Unsaturated fatty acids -- Periodicals; Prostaglandins -- Periodicals; Leukotrienes -- Periodicals; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated -- Periodicals; Acides gras insaturés -- Périodiques; Prostaglandines -- Périodiques; Leucotriènes -- Périodiques; Lipides -- Périodiques; 612.01577
• DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2018.11.014
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0952-3278

Abstract

Highlights: Vitamin D deficiency influences reproductive performance. Its deficiency alters rat liver, plasma and erythrocyte fatty acid composition and metabolism. Vitamin D deficiency in rat alters mRNA levels of fatty acid desaturases as well as fatty acid desaturase activity index. Abstract: Reports indicate that maternal vitamin D deficiency may be associated with increased inflammation. Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs); omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids are known to have anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory properties respectively. The present study examines the effect of vitamin D deficiency on fatty acid composition and metabolism in a rat model. Female Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups ( n = 8/group) as follows; control and vitamin D deficient (VDD). Diets (control: 1000 IU D3/kg diet; VDD: 0 IU D3/kg diet) were given from weaning and continued throughout pregnancy. Pregnant female rats were dissected on gestational day 20 to collect blood, liver and placenta. The VDD diet reduced maternal serum 25-hydroxyviatmin D3 levels ( p < 0.001) as compared to control. Maternal vitamin D deficiency resulted in lower total weight gain and placental weight ( p < 0.05 for both) during pregnancy. Animals from VDD group demonstrated higher arachidonic acid (AA) levels in both the liver and plasma ( p < 0.05 for both) as compared to control. Liver, plasma and placental monounsaturated fatty acid levels (MUFA) were lower ( p < 0.01 for all) while plasma total saturated fatty acids (SFA) ( p = 0.05) were higher in the VDD group. Animals from the VDD group demonstrated lower ∆9-desaturase activity index ( p < 0.01 for all) in the liver, plasma and placenta. The plasma ∆5-desaturase activity index ( p < 0.05) was higher although no change was observed in the ∆6-desaturase activity index. However, the mRNA levels of liver ∆6-desaturase was lower ( p < 0.05) in the VDD group. Our findings indicate that maternal vitamin D deficiency influences fatty acid desaturase activity and expression and therefore alters maternal fatty acid metabolism. Graphical abstract: