Opposite Subduction Polarity in Adjacent Plate Segments. Issue 9 (26th September 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Peral, Mireia; Király, Ágnes; Zlotnik, Sergio; Funiciello, Francesca; Fernàndez, Manel; Faccenna, Claudio; Vergés, Jaume
• Is Part Of: Tectonics. Volume 37:Issue 9(2018)
• Page Start: 3285
• Page End: 3302
• Publication Date: 2018-09-26
• Subjects: subduction analog models -- double subduction system -- trench velocity -- trench curvature; Geology, Structural -- Periodicals; 551.8
• DOI: 10.1029/2017TC004896
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0278-7407

Abstract

Abstract: Active and fossil subduction systems consisting of two adjacent plates with opposite retreating directions occur in several areas on Earth, as the Mediterranean or Western Pacific. The goal of this work is to better understand the first‐order plate dynamics of these systems using the results of experimental models. The laboratory model is composed of two separate plates made of silicon putty representing the lithosphere, on top of a tank filled with glucose syrup representing the mantle. The set of experiments is designed to test the influence of the width of plates and the initial separation between them on the resulting trench velocities, deformation of plates, and mantle flow. Results show that the mantle flow induced by both plates is asymmetric relative to the axis of each plate causing a progressive merging of the toroidal cells that prevents a steady state phase of the subduction process and generates a net outward drag perpendicular to the plates. Trench velocities increase when trenches approach each other and decrease when they separate after their intersection. The trench curvature of both plates increases linearly with time during the entire evolution of the process regardless their width and initial separation. The interaction between the return flows associated with each retreating plate, particularly in the interplate region, is stronger for near plate configurations and correlates with variations of rollback velocities. We propose that the inferred first‐order dynamics of the presented analog models can provide relevant clues to understand natural complex subduction systems. Key Points: Mantle flow induced by opposed adjacent plates is asymmetrical showing a progressive merging of the toroidal cells when trenches approach Trench retreat velocities are not steady and increase/decrease while trenches approach/separate The first‐order consequences of the dynamics of double subduction systems are relevant in natural scenarios