Microbial Profiling in Experimentally Induced Biofilm Overgrowth Among Patients With Various Periodontal States. Issue 1 (1st January 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Paes Batista da Silva, Andre; Barros, Silvana P.; Moss, Kevin; Preisser, John; Marchesan, Julie T.; Ward, Marilyn; Offenbacher, Steven
• Is Part Of: Journal of periodontology. Volume 87:Issue 1(2016)
• Page Start: 27
• Page End: 35
• Publication Date: 2016-01-01
• Subjects: Biofilms -- disease progression -- oral hygiene -- periodontal diseases -- stents; Periodontics -- Periodicals; 617.632
• DOI: 10.1902/jop.2015.150328
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0022-3492

Abstract

Abstract : Background: This study measures microbial composition changes during biofilm overgrowth and subsequent removal among patients with various states of periodontal disease. Methods: In this prospective cohort study, 175 participants with various periodontal states (five biofilm‐gingival interface [BGI] groups) abstained from oral hygiene while using an acrylic stent. At day 21, participants reinstituted oral hygiene and were followed for 4 weeks. Clinical parameters were recorded, and subgingival plaque samples were analyzed at baseline, peak of induction (day 21), and resolution using 16S rRNA probes (human oral microbe identification microarray [HOMIM]). Using the change score (peak at induction minus baseline) for bleeding on probing and probing depth (PD), the patients were separated into high and low clinical responders. Results: At baseline, synergistetes were more abundant in moderate and severe periodontitis (BGI‐P2 and ‐P3) compared to mild periodontitis (BGI‐P1), health (BGI‐H), and gingivitis (BGI‐G) ( P = 0.005). Overall, at day 21 there was an increase in HOMIM scores of firmicutes ( P ≤0.001), fusobacteria ( P = 0.003), proteobacteria ( P ≤0.001), synergistetes ( P = 0.04), and bacteroidetes ( P ≤0.001). At resolution, these phyla returned to baseline, except for synergistetes. Levels of synergistetes were significantly higher at day 21 ( P ≤0.0001) and resolution ( P = 0.0002) for high clinical responders compared to low responders. Conclusion: The association of synergistetes as a baseline predictor of incident PD increase, as well as the higher levels at day 21, indicates a pathogenic role for these organisms in disease progression in addition to the previously characterized fusobacteria, proteobacteria, firmicutes, and bacteroidetes.