The Interaction of Genetic Predisposition and Socioeconomic Position With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Analyses From the Lifelines Cohort and Biobank Study. Issue 3 (April 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: van Zon, Sander K.R.; Reijneveld, Sijmen A.; van der Most, Peter J.; Swertz, Morris A.; Bültmann, Ute; Snieder, Harold
• Is Part Of: Psychosomatic medicine. Volume 80:Issue 3(2018)
• Publication Date: 2018-04
• Subjects: genetic predisposition -- genetic risk score -- interaction -- socioeconomic position -- socioeconomic status -- type 2 diabetes mellitus -- BMI = body mass index -- CI = confidence interval -- DPB = diastolic blood pressure -- FPG = fasting plasma glucose -- GRS = genetic risk score -- GWAS = genome-wide association study -- HbA1c = glycated hemoglobin -- HR = hazard ratio -- OR = odds ratio -- PC = principal component score -- RERI = relative excess risk due to interaction -- SBP = systolic blood pressure -- SD = standard deviation -- SEP = socioeconomic position -- SNP = single-nucleotide polymorphism -- T2DM = type 2 diabetes mellitus -- WC = waist circumference; Medicine, Psychosomatic -- Periodicals; 616.0805
• DOI: 10.1097/PSY.0000000000000562
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0033-3174

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Objective: A strong genetic predisposition for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) may aggravate the negative effects of low socioeconomic position (SEP) in the etiology of the disorder. This study aimed to examine cross-sectional and longitudinal associations and interactions of a genetic risk score (GRS) and SEP with T2DM and to investigate whether clinical and behavioral risk factors can explain these associations and interactions. Methods: We used data from 13, 027 genotyped participants from the Lifelines study. The GRS was based on single-nucleotide polymorphisms genome-wide associated with T2DM and was categorized into tertiles. SEP was measured as educational level. T2DM was based on biological markers, recorded medication use, and self-reports. Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations and interactions between the GRS and SEP on T2DM were examined. Results: The combination of a high GRS and low SEP had the strongest association with T2DM in cross-sectional (odds ratio = 3.84, 95% confidence interval = 2.28–6.46) and longitudinal analyses (hazard ratio = 2.71, 1.39–5.27), compared with a low GRS and high SEP. Interaction between a high GRS and a low SEP was observed in cross-sectional (relative excess risk due to interaction = 1.85, 0.65–3.05) but not in longitudinal analyses. Clinical and behavioral risk factors mostly explained the observed associations and interactions. Conclusions: A high GRS combined with a low SEP provides the highest risk for T2DM. These factors also exacerbated each other's impact cross-sectionally but not longitudinally. Preventive measures should target individual and contextual factors of this high-risk group to reduce the risk of T2DM. Abstract : Supplemental digital content is available in the text.