Nickel–copper hybrid electrodes self-adhered onto a silicon wafer by supersonic cold-spray. (July 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Lee, Jong-Gun; Kim, Do-Yeon; Kang, Byungjun; Kim, Donghwan; Song, Hee-eun; Kim, Jooyoung; Jung, Woonsuk; Lee, Dukhaeng; Al-Deyab, Salem S.; James, Scott C.; Yoon, Sam S.
• Is Part Of: Acta materialia. Volume 93(2015)
• Page Start: 156
• Page End: 163
• Publication Date: 2015-07
• Subjects: Silicon solar cell -- Nickel–copper electrode -- Supersonic cold spraying -- Contact resistivity -- Specific resistivity; Materials -- Periodicals; Materials science -- Periodicals; Materials -- Mechanical properties -- Periodicals; Metallurgy -- Periodicals; Chemistry, Inorganic -- Periodicals; 620.112
• DOI: 10.1016/j.actamat.2015.04.012
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1359-6454

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Abstract: High-performance electrodes are fabricated through supersonic spraying of nickel and copper particles. These electrodes yield low specific resistivities, comparable to electrodes produced by screen-printed silver paste and light-induced plating. The appeal of this fabrication method is the low cost of copper and large area scalability of supersonic spray-coating techniques. The copper and nickel electrode was fabricated in the open air without any pre- or post-treatment. The spray-coated copper–nickel electrode was characterized by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction, and energy dispersive spectroscopy. Although both SEM and TEM images confirmed voids trapped between flattened particles in the fabricated electrode, this electrode's resistivity was order 10 −6 Ω cm, which is comparable to the bulk value for pure copper.