Recent advances in molecular engineering of redox active organic molecules for nonaqueous flow batteries. (August 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Kowalski, Jeffrey A; Su, Liang; Milshtein, Jarrod D; Brushett, Fikile R
• Is Part Of: Current opinion in chemical engineering. Volume 13(2016)
• Page Start: 45
• Page End: 52
• Publication Date: 2016-08
• Subjects: Chemical engineering -- Periodicals; Chemical engineering; Periodicals; 660.05
• DOI: 10.1016/j.coche.2016.08.002
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2211-3398

Abstract

Highlights: Summarizes the recent work on all-organic nonaqueous redox flow chemistries. Details the development of positive and negative redox species by tailoring the molecular structure. Identifies the opportunities and challenges in the science and engineering of nonaqueous flow batteries. Abstract: Cost-effective electrochemical energy storage will play a critical role as society transitions to a sustainable energy economy. Nonaqueous flow batteries employing redox active organic molecules are an emerging energy storage concept. A key advantage of this device over the more established aqueous flow battery is the promise for higher cell potentials (>3 V), enabled by the larger electrochemical stability windows of nonaqueous electrolytes. Additionally, nonaqueous flow batteries could leverage new redox couples that are incompatible with aqueous electrolytes due to low solubility, chemical reactivity, and redox potentials outside of the aqueous stability window. Taking advantage of these characteristics may lead to higher energy densities, smaller system footprints, and lower costs. This mini review summarizes recent developments in all-organic nonaqueous chemistries with a focus on tailoring organic molecules for improved physical and electrochemical properties. Key opportunities and challenges in the science and engineering of these devices are presented with a goal of meeting stringent grid cost targets.