Leprosy and its reactional episodes: Serum levels and possible roles of omega-3 and omega-6-derived lipid mediators. (December 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: de Macedo, Cristiana Santos; de Carvalho, Fernanda Marques; Amaral, Julio Jablonski; de Mendonça Ochs, Soraya; Assis, Edson F.; Sarno, Euzenir Nunes; Bozza, Patrícia Torres; Pessolani, Maria Cristina Vidal
• Is Part Of: Cytokine. Volume 112(2018)
• Page Start: 87
• Page End: 94
• Publication Date: 2018-12
• Subjects: AA arachidonic acid -- BB borderline-borderline leprosy -- BI bacteriological index (BI) -- BL borderline lepromatous leprosy -- BT borderline tuberculoid leprosy -- COX cyclooxygenase -- CRTH2 chemoattractant molecule "receptor-like" expressed in Th2 cells -- CYP450 cytochrome P450 -- CysLTR1 cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 -- DHA docosahexaenoic acid -- DP prostanoid D receptor 1 -- EIA enzyme immunoassay -- ENL erythema nodosum leprosum -- EPA eicosapentaenoic acid -- FLAP 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein -- GPR G protein-coupled receptor -- H(p)DHA hydro(peroxy)docosahexaenoic acid -- H(p)ETE hydro(peroxy)eicosatetranoic acid -- H(p)HEPE hydro(peroxy)eicosapentaenoic acid -- HEPE hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid -- HETE hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid -- IL interleukin -- LAM lipoarabinomannan -- LC-MS-MS liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-mass spectrometry -- LIB logarithmic index of biopsy -- LL lepromatous leprosy -- LOX lipoxygenase -- LT leukotriene -- LTA4H LTA4 hydrolase -- LTB4R1 leukotriene B4 receptor 1 -- LTC4S LTC4 synthase -- LX lipoxin -- MB multibacillary leprosy -- MCP-1 monocyte chemotactic protein 1 -- MDT multidrug therapy -- NF-κB nuclear factor kappa B -- PB paucibacillary leprosy -- PG prostaglandin, PGDH, prostaglandin dehydrogenase -- PGDS PGD2 synthase -- PPARγ peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma -- RvD DHA-derived resolvin -- RvE EPA-derived resolvin -- T1R type 1 (reversal) reaction -- Th T helper -- TNF tumor necrosis factor -- TT tuberculoid leprosy -- TX thromboxane; Mycobacterium leprae -- Erythema nodosum leprosum -- Eicosanoids -- Docosanoids -- Polyunsaturated fatty acids; Cytokines -- Periodicals; 571.844
• DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.07.008
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1043-4666

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Highlights: Levels of eicosanoids and docosanoids on different stages of leprosy were compared. Eicosanoid levels remain stable during erythema nodosum hansenicum progression. Pro-inflammatory lipid mediators are predominant on type-1 (reversal) reaction. Lipid mediator levels on non-reactional leprosy may favor disease tolerance. Abstract: The disease leprosy is caused by Mycobacterium leprae . The disease displays a spectrum of clinical manifestations relating to the stage of the infection and the pathogen-specific immune response. The most frequent M. leprae -specific hypersensitivity reactions are erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) and type-1 (reversal) reaction (T1R). Omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acid-derived lipid mediators are involved in the regulation of these M. leprae -specific inflammatory and immune responses. Studies on lipid mediators showed their presence during different manifestations of leprosy-before and after multidrug therapy (MDT) and during T1R. This review aims to compare the lipid mediators at different stages of the disease. This review also presents new data on the significance of lipid mediators (cysteinyl leukotrienes and leukotriene B4, prostaglandin E2 and D2, lipoxin A4 and resolvin D1) on ENL.