Energy Expenditure and Hormone Responses in Humans After Overeating High‐Fructose Corn Syrup Versus Whole‐Wheat Foods. Issue 1 (28th November 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Ibrahim, Mostafa; Bonfiglio, Susan; Schlögl, Mathias; Vinales, Karyne L.; Piaggi, Paolo; Venti, Colleen; Walter, Mary; Krakoff, Jonathan; Thearle, Marie S.
• Is Part Of: Obesity. Volume 26:Issue 1(2018)
• Page Start: 141
• Page End: 149
• Publication Date: 2017-11-28
• Subjects: Obesity -- Periodicals; 616.398005
• DOI: 10.1002/oby.22068
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1930-7381

Abstract

Abstract : Objective: This study sought to understand how the dietary source of carbohydrates, either high‐fructose corn syrup (HFCS) or complex carbohydrates, affects energy expenditure (EE) measures, appetitive sensations, and hormones during 24 hours of overfeeding. Methods: Seventeen healthy participants with normal glucose regulation had 24‐hour EE measures and fasting blood and 24‐hour urine collection during four different 1‐day diets, including an energy‐balanced diet, fasting, and two 75% carbohydrate diets (5% fat) given at 200% of energy requirements with either HFCS or whole‐wheat foods as the carbohydrate source. In eight volunteers, hunger was assessed with visual analog scales the morning after the diets. Results: Compared with energy balance, 24‐hour EE increased 12.8% ± 6.9% with carbohydrate overfeeding ( P < 0.0001). No differences in 24‐hour EE or macronutrient utilization were observed between the two high‐carbohydrate diets; however, sleeping metabolic rate was higher after the HFCS diet (Δ = 35 ± 48 kcal [146 ± 200 kJ]; P = 0.01). Insulin, ghrelin, and triglycerides increased the morning after both overfeeding diets. Urinary cortisol concentrations (82.8 ± 35.9 vs. 107.6 ± 46.9 nmol/24 h; P = 0.01) and morning‐after hunger scores (Δ = 2.4 ± 2.0 cm; P = 0.01) were higher with HFCS overfeeding. Conclusions: The dietary carbohydrate source while overeating did not affect 24‐hour EE, but HFCS overconsumption may predispose individuals to further overeating due to increased glucocorticoid release and increased hunger the following morning.