Combustion Studies of 4‐Nitramino‐1, 2, 4‐Triazole (4‐NRTZ) and Its Salts: High Impulse Nitrogenous Fuels for Propellant Composite Materials. Issue 44 (28th November 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Sasidharan, Nimesh; Kumar, A. Sudheer; Hng, Huey Hoon
• Is Part Of: ChemistrySelect. Volume 3:Issue 44(2018)
• Page Start: 12544
• Page End: 12551
• Publication Date: 2018-11-28
• Subjects: energetic materials -- nitrogenous slats -- pressure-time analysis (P-t) -- propellants -- 1, 2, 4-triazoles; Chemistry -- Periodicals; 540.5
• DOI: 10.1002/slct.201803239
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2365-6549

Abstract

Abstract: The nitrogenous salts of 4‐nitramino‐1, 2, 4‐triazole (4‐NRTZ, 2 ), namely ammonium‐4‐nitramino‐1, 2, 4‐triazolate (Amm‐4‐NRTZ, 3 ), hydrazinium‐4‐nitramino‐1, 2, 4‐triazolate (Hy‐4‐NRTZ, 4 ) and hydroxylammonium‐4‐nitramino‐1, 2, 4‐triazolate (HyAm‐4‐NRTZ, 5 ) were synthesized, characterized by spectroscopic (FTIR, FT‐Raman, NMR) methods and their structures were confirmed by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction technique. The salts (3 ‐5 ) prepared in good yields showed good thermal stabilities and positive heat of formation. Ordered packing in lattice proved the better insensitivity of3 &5 towards IS, FS and ESD. Compounds2 &5 were further studied for its pressure generating capability inside a constant volume combustion chamber. Pressure‐time ( P ‐ t ) traces as well as d p /d t analysis revealed compound5 has good gas generating capability. Theoretical predictions on the ballistic parameters in comparison with known compounds substantiate the potential of5 as a strong candidate in propellant/gas generating composite materials. Abstract : Pressure‐time analysis ( P ‐ t ) of 4‐nitramino‐1, 2, 4‐triazole and its energetic hydroxylammonium salt revealed the high gas yield ( Vg ) and high pressurization rate (d p /d t ) shown by these molecules making them interesting candidates as high‐impulse ( Isp ) fuels for composite propellant formulations. Crystal structure and packing of the nitrogenous salts (ammonium, hydrazinium and hydroxylammonium) of 4‐nitramino‐1, 2, 4‐triazole seems to have a correlation with the sensitivity of these compounds towards impact and friction.