M1/M2-macrophage Polarization-based Hepatotoxicity in d-galactosamine-induced Acute Liver Injury in Rats. (October 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Rahman, Nahid; Pervin, Munmun; Kuramochi, Mizuki; Karim, Mohammad R.; Izawa, Takeshi; Kuwamura, Mitsuru; Yamate, Jyoji
• Is Part Of: Toxicologic pathology. Volume 46:Number 7(2018)
• Page Start: 764
• Page End: 776
• Publication Date: 2018-10
• Subjects: d-GalN -- liver injury -- hepatic macrophages -- cytokines -- rats; Pathology -- Periodicals; Toxicology -- Periodicals; Pathology; Toxicology; 615.9
• DOI: 10.1177/0192623318801574
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0192-6233

Abstract

D -galactosamine (d -GalN) is a well-known hepatotoxic agent that causes liver injury. Conversely, hepatic macrophages play a crucial role in maintaining liver tissue integrity. Macrophage functions were investigated in hepatic lesions induced by a single intraperitoneal injection ofd -GalN (800 mg/kg body weight [BW]) in 6-week-old F344 rats. Blood and liver samples were examined at 8 hr and on 1, 2, 3, and 5 days postsingle injection (PSI). Hepatic lesions consisting of degeneration/sporadic foci of coagulation necrosis, inflammatory cell reaction, and reparative fibrosis were seen on PSI days 1 and 2, reflected by significantly increased serum levels of aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase and upregulation of CD68 M1 (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin [IL]-6, and interferon-γ) and CD163 M2 (transforming growth factor-β1, IL-10, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and IL-4) macrophage-related factors. Double immunofluorescence staining on PSI day 2 demonstrated that 82% of hepatic macrophages expressed of CD163/CD68 simultaneously; 65–75% of MHC class II macrophages showed co-expression of CD163 or CD68 and 95% CD204-expressing macrophages reacted to CD163 or CD68. These findings showed that both M1- and M2-macrophages contributed to the development of hepatic lesions induced byd -GalN and provided information about macrophage activation, indicating the importance of analysis of macrophage phenotypes for hepatotoxicity based on M1/M2-polarization.