Rock‐Salt‐Templated Mn3O4 Nanoparticles Encapsulated in a Mesoporous 2D Carbon Matrix: A High Rate 2 V Anode for Lithium‐Ion Batteries with Extraordinary Cycling Stability. Issue 26 (12th September 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Pramanik, Atin; Maiti, Sandipan; Sreemany, Monjoy; Mahanty, Sourindra
• Is Part Of: ChemistrySelect. Volume 2:Issue 26(2017)
• Page Start: 7854
• Page End: 7864
• Publication Date: 2017-09-12
• Subjects: 2D carbon composite -- Anode material -- Lithium-ion battery -- manganese oxide; Chemistry -- Periodicals; 540.5
• DOI: 10.1002/slct.201701575
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2365-6549

Abstract

Abstract: Metal oxide conversion electrodes suffer from low power density and cycling stability desired for high rate lithium‐ion battery (LIB). Herein, we present a method of integrating nanoscale discrete Mn3 O4 particles (20 nm) into a two‐dimensional sheet‐like N‐incorporated mesoporous carbon by a simple synthetic protocol using NaCl crystallites as an exo ‐template. The encapsulated structure of Mn3 O4 @C greatly supresses the mechanical stress induced by repeated volumetric expansion/contraction and at the same time, N‐incorporation in the carbon matrix facilitates charge transport. When tested as a 2.0 V LIB anode, Mn3 O4 @C showed an excellent rate performance (406 mAh g ‐1 at 2.5 A g ‐1 and 188 mAh g ‐1 at 12.5 A g ‐1 ) and outstanding cycling stability (capacity retention of 90% after 10000 cycles at 2.5 A g ‐1 ). Such remarkable performance could be linked to fast charge transportation through the 2D carbon sheets and also, to the encapsulated structure avoiding direct contact with the electrolyte precluding growth of SEI layer upon cycling. Furthermore, a LiFePO4 //Mn3 O4 @C full cell delivers specific capacities of 136 mAh g ‐1 and 92 mAh g ‐1 (with respect to the mass of cathode) at current densities of 0.25 and 0.5 mA g ‐1 . The cell shows excellent cycling stability with 76% retention of capacity after 350 cycles demonstrating the practical viability. Abstract : A simple synthetic protocol is reported for integration of nanoscale discrete Mn3 O4 particles (20 nm) into a two‐dimensional sheet‐like N‐incorporated mesoporous carbon by using common rock salt (NaCl) as an exo‐template where, the surfaces of NaCl crystallites act as assembly sites. The developed Mn3 O4 @C‐T could sustain very high current rates with outstanding cycling stability (10000 cycles). Moreover, a LiFePO4 //Mn3 O4 @C‐T full cell shows 76% capacity retention after 350 cycles demonstrating the practical usability.