Wobble uridine modifications–a reason to live, a reason to die?!. Issue 9 (2nd September 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Schaffrath, Raffael; Leidel, Sebastian A.
• Is Part Of: RNA biology. Volume 14:Issue 9(2017)
• Page Start: 1209
• Page End: 1222
• Publication Date: 2017-09-02
• Subjects: Anticodon wobble base -- mRNA translation -- protein homeostasis -- RNases -- stress responses -- tRNA modification; RNA -- Periodicals; Molecular biology -- Periodicals; Molecular biology; RNA; Periodicals; 572.8805
• DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2017.1295204
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1547-6286

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Wobble uridines (U34 ) are generally modified in all species. U34 modifications can be essential in metazoans but are not required for viability in fungi. In this review, we provide an overview on the types of modifications and how they affect the physico-chemical properties of wobble uridines. We describe the molecular machinery required to introduce these modifications into tRNA posttranscriptionally and discuss how posttranslational regulation may affect the activity of the modifying enzymes. We highlight the activity of anticodon specific RNases that target U34 containing tRNA. Finally, we discuss how defects in wobble uridine modifications lead to phenotypes in different species. Importantly, this review will mainly focus on the cytoplasmic tRNAs of eukaryotes. A recent review has extensively covered their bacterial and mitochondrial counterparts. 1