Pinitol alleviates systemic inflammatory cytokines in human obesity by a mechanism involving unfolded protein response and sirtuin 1. Issue 6 (December 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: López-Domènech, Sandra; Bañuls, Celia; de Marañón, Aranzazu M.; Abab-Jiménez, Zaida; Morillas, Carlos; Gómez-Abril, Segundo Ángel; Rovira-Llopis, Susana; Víctor, Víctor Manuel; Hernández-Mijares, Antonio; Rocha, Milagros
• Is Part Of: Clinical nutrition. Volume 37:Issue 6(2018)Part A
• Page Start: 2036
• Page End: 2044
• Publication Date: 2018-12
• Subjects: Endoplasmic reticulum stress -- Human -- Inflammation -- White adipose tissue -- Obesity; PBMCs peripheral blood mononuclear cells -- VAT visceral adipose tissue -- SAT subcutaneous adipose tissue -- ER endoplasmic reticulum -- SIRT1 sirtuin 1 -- PEB pinitol-enriched beverage -- TNFα tumor necrosis factor α -- IL6 interleukin-6 -- WAT white adipose tissue -- UPR unfolded protein response -- LRYGB laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass -- A1c glycated hemoglobin -- hsCRP high sensitivity C-reactive protein -- HOMA-IR homeostasis model assessment -- FBS fetal bovine serum -- GLUT4 glucose transporter 4 -- IR insulin receptor; Critically ill -- Nutrition -- Periodicals; Diet therapy -- Periodicals; Parenteral feeding -- Periodicals; Enteral feeding -- Periodicals; Enteral Nutrition -- Periodicals; Parenteral Nutrition -- Periodicals; Metabolism -- Periodicals; Diétothérapie -- Périodiques; Alimentation parentérale -- Périodiques; Alimentation entérale -- Périodiques; Nutrition -- Périodiques; Diet therapy; Enteral feeding; Nutrition; Parenteral feeding; Electronic journals; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 615.854
• DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2017.09.015
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0261-5614

Abstract

Summary: Background & aims: It is known that pinitol acts as a mediator of the insulin-signaling pathway, though little is known about its anti-inflammatory effect in human obesity. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of pinitol on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissues (SAT), focusing on the involvement of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1). Methods: In the intervention study, thirteen obese subjects consumed a pinitol-enriched beverage (PEB) for 12 weeks. In the ex vivo study, a biopsy of VAT and SAT was removed from thirty-four obese patients and incubated with D-pinitol for 48 h. Results: The consumption of a PEB reduced circulating levels of IL6 and TNFα and increased SIRT1 protein expression in PBMCs. Ex vivo experiments showed a decline in gene expression and protein levels of IL6 and TNFα in SAT and a reduction in ER stress parameters (ATF6 and CHOP), while VAT markers remained unaltered. Differential gene expression profiles revealed an up-regulation of SIRT1 and insulin-signaling pathways in SAT with respect to VAT. Conclusions: Our results suggests that pinitol down-regulates the inflammatory pathway which may lead to novel treatment options for obesity and its metabolic disorders.