Adjustable-length loop cortical button versus interference screw fixation in quadriceps tendon anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction – A biomechanical in vitro study. (December 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Karkosch, Roman Frederik; Ettinger, Max; Bachmaier, Samuel; Wijdicks, Coen A.; Smith, Tomas
• Is Part Of: Clinical biomechanics. Volume 60(2018)
• Page Start: 60
• Page End: 65
• Publication Date: 2018-12
• Subjects: ACL reconstruction -- Quadriceps tendon -- ACL biomechanics -- Adjustable loop device -- Tibial fixation; Biomechanics -- Periodicals; Osteopathic medicine -- Periodicals; Biomechanics -- Periodicals; Osteopathic Medicine -- Periodicals; 612.76
• DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2018.10.001
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0268-0033

Abstract

Abstract: Background: This biomechanical cadaveric in vitro study aimed to evaluate and compare the dynamic elongation behavior and ultimate failure strength of tibial adjustable-length loop cortical button versus interference screw fixation in quadriceps tendon-based anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Methods: Sixteen human quadriceps tendons were harvested and fixed into porcine tibiae using either biodegradable interference screw (n = 8) or adjustable loop device (n = 8) fixation. An acrylic block was utilized for femoral adjustable loop device fixation for both groups. All constructs were precycled for 10 times at 0.5 Hz and manually retensioned before tested in position and force control mode each for 1000 cycles at 0.75 Hz according to in vitro loading conditions replicating the in vivo ACL environment. Subsequently, an ultimate failure test at 50 mm/min was performed with mode of failure noted. Findings: Tibial IS fixation showed no statistically significant differences in the initial (−0.46 vs. −0.47 mm; P = 0.9780), dynamic (2.18 mm vs. 2.89 mm; P = 0, 0661), and total elongation (1.72 mm vs. 2.42 mm; P = 0, 0997) compared to adjustable loop device fixation. The tibial button fixation revealed an increased ultimate failure load (743.3 N vs. 606.3 N; P = 0.0027), while stiffness was decreased in comparison to screw fixation (133.2 N/mm vs. 153.5 N/mm; P = 0, 0045). Interpretation: Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction for quadriceps tendon graft using a tibial adjustable-length loop cortical button provides for comparable dynamic stabilization of the knee with increased ultimate failure load at decreased stiffness compared to screw fixation. Highlights: Tibial cortical button shows advantages in ultimate failure load. Biodegradable interference screw fixation provides greater stiffness. No significant difference in elongation behavior between button and screw fixation