Pathogen Resistance Mediated by IL-22 Signaling at the Epithelial–Microbiota Interface. Issue 23 (20th November 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Schreiber, Fernanda; Arasteh, Julia Maryam; Lawley, Trevor D.
• Is Part Of: Journal of molecular biology. Volume 427:Issue 23(2015:Dec. 01)
• Page Start: 3676
• Page End: 3682
• Publication Date: 2015-11-20
• Subjects: ILC innate lymphoid cell -- IBD inflammatory bowel disease -- SFB segmented filamentous bacteria -- SCFA short-chain fatty acid; pathogen resistance -- intestinal microbiota -- mucus -- IL-22 signaling -- epithelium; Molecular biology -- Periodicals; Biology -- Periodicals; Biochemistry -- Periodicals; Bacteriology -- Periodicals; Molecular Biology -- Periodicals; Biochemistry -- Periodicals; Biologie moléculaire -- Périodiques; Biologie -- Périodiques; Biochimie -- Périodiques; Moleculaire biologie; Biochemistry; Biology; Molecular biology; Periodicals; 572.805
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2015.10.013
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0022-2836

Abstract

Abstract: Intestinal colonization resistance to bacterial pathogens is generally associated, among other factors, with mucosal homeostasis that preserves the integrity of the intestinal barrier. Mucosal homeostasis depends on physical and molecular interactions between three components: the resident microbiota, the epithelial layer and the local immune system. The cytokine IL-22 helps to orchestrate this three-way interaction. IL-22 is produced by immune cells present beneath the epithelium and is induced by bacteria present in the intestine. IL-22 stimulates the epithelial cells via the IL-22RA1–IL-10R2 receptor complex inducing changes in the expression of genes involved in the maintenance of epithelial barrier integrity, with a variety of functions in pathogen resistance such as mucus layer modifications and hydration, tight junction fortification and the production of a broad range of bactericidal compounds. These mechanisms of pathogen resistance, in turn, affect the microbiota composition and create an environment that excludes pathogens. Here we highlight the role of IL-22 as key mediator in the give-and-take relationship between the microbiota and the host that impacts pathogen resistance. Graphical abstract: Highlights: Mucosal homeostasis is key for resistance to intestinal colonization by pathogens. Ingredients for a healthy mucosa: microbiota, epithelium integrity and immune system. IL-22 links these three components, helping maintain homeostasis and fight infection.