Exploring the effectiveness of demand management policy in reducing traffic congestion and environmental pollution: Car-free day and odd-even plate measures for Bandung city in Indonesia. Issue 4 (December 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Farda, Muhammad; Balijepalli, Chandra
• Is Part Of: Case studies on transport policy. Volume 6:Issue 4(2018)
• Page Start: 577
• Page End: 590
• Publication Date: 2018-12
• Subjects: Traffic congestion -- Demand management policy -- Car-free day -- Odd-even plate -- Pollutant emissions; Transportation and state -- Case studies -- Periodicals; Transportation -- Planning -- Case studies -- Periodicals; Transportation -- Research -- Case studies -- Periodicals; 388.05
• DOI: 10.1016/j.cstp.2018.07.008
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2213-624X

Abstract

Highlights: Reviews the demand management policy measures on car free day and odd-even plate. Adopts Bandung network model to investigate car free day, odd-even plate measures. Develops modelling procedures to test car free day and odd-even policies. Discusses the results and identifies the suitability in short and long run horizon. Identifies policy implications for car free day and odd-even plate measures. Abstract: Traffic congestion has been a major problem in big cities around the world, not to mention several large cities in Indonesia. Bandung is the second largest metropolitan area after Jakarta in Indonesia which suffers from extreme levels of congestion. With a high number of motorcycles and large private car population, congestion in this city is ever growing worsening the environment. While the local authorities struggle to find resources to fund capital intensive capacity expansion projects, this research explores the use of cost effective demand management policy measures to reduce the congestion and pollution. This study aims at assessing two relatively under-researched demand management policy measures that restrict vehicle flows viz., car-free day and odd - even plate schemes to investigate the effect on traffic congestion and the environment. SATURN traffic network modelling software has been used to predict the route choices of vehicles. Bandung city road network and origin destination matrix have been adapted to simulate the two measures during the peak hour. As well as providing the necessary inputs to a pollutant emission estimation model, traffic network modelling output forms the basis for assessing the congestion levels. Results show that both car-free day and odd-even plate measures have unintended consequences that undermine their effectiveness which if addressed could make them highly beneficial solutions. Car-free day scheme reduces the traffic flow levels in the vicinity of scheme but diverts the vehicle flow elsewhere to other routes which may adversely affect the congestion/pollution. Odd-even plate scheme is very effective at the beginning of its implementation but the performance gradually diminishes as drivers start to adapt by buying a second vehicle or even using fake number plates.