DS‐70, a novel and potent α4 integrin antagonist, is an effective treatment for experimental allergic conjunctivitis in guinea pigs. (17th September 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Dattoli, Samantha Deianira; Baiula, Monica; De Marco, Rossella; Bedini, Andrea; Anselmi, Michele; Gentilucci, Luca; Spampinato, Santi
• Is Part Of: British journal of pharmacology. Volume 175:Number 20(2018)
• Page Start: 3891
• Page End: 3910
• Publication Date: 2018-09-17
• Subjects: Pharmacology -- Periodicals; Chemotherapy -- Periodicals; Drug Therapy -- Periodicals; Pharmacology -- Periodicals; 615.1
• DOI: 10.1111/bph.14458
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0007-1188

Abstract

Abstract : Background and Purpose: Allergic conjunctivitis is an eye inflammation that involves the infiltration of immune cells into the conjunctiva via cell surface‐adhesion receptors, such as integrin α4 β1 . These receptors interact with adhesion molecules expressed on the conjunctival endothelium and may be a target to treat this disease. We synthesized DS‐70, a novel α/β‐peptidomimetic α4 integrin antagonist, to prevent the conjunctival infiltration of immune cells and clinical symptoms in a model of allergic conjunctivitis. Experimental Approach: In vitro, DS‐70 was pharmacologically characterized using a scintillation proximity procedure to measure its affinity for α4 β1 integrin, and its effect on cell adhesion mediated by different integrins was also evaluated. The effects of DS‐70 on vascular cell adhesion molecule‐1 (VCAM‐1)‐mediated degranulation of a human mast cell line and an eosinophilic cell line, which both express α4 β1, and on VCAM‐1‐mediated phosphorylation of ERK 1/2 in Jurkat E6.1 cells were investigated. Effects of DS‐70 administered in the conjunctival fornix of ovalbumin‐sensitized guinea pigs were evaluated. Key Results: DS‐70 bound to integrin α4 β1 with nanomolar affinity, prevented the adhesion of α4 integrin‐expressing cells, antagonized VCAM‐1‐mediated degranulation of mast cells and eosinophils and ERK 1/2 phosphorylation. Only 20% was degraded after an 8 h incubation with serum. DS‐70 dose‐dependently reduced the clinical symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis, conjunctival α4 integrin expression and conjunctival levels of chemokines and cytokines in ovalbumin‐sensitized guinea pigs. Conclusions and Implications: These findings highlight the role of α4 integrin in allergic conjunctivitis and suggest that DS‐70 is a potential treatment for this condition.