Nano‐curcumin safely prevents streptozotocin‐induced inflammation and apoptosis in pancreatic beta cells for effective management of Type 1 diabetes mellitus. (30th May 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Ganugula, Raghu; Arora, Meenakshi; Jaisamut, Patcharawalai; Wiwattanapatapee, Ruedeekorn; Jørgensen, Heather G; Venkatpurwar, Vinod P; Zhou, Beiyan; Rodrigues Hoffmann, Aline; Basu, Rita; Guo, Shaodong; Majeti, Naga Venkata Ravi Kumar
• Is Part Of: British journal of pharmacology. Volume 174:Number 13(2017)
• Page Start: 2074
• Page End: 2084
• Publication Date: 2017-05-30
• Subjects: Pharmacology -- Periodicals; Chemotherapy -- Periodicals; Drug Therapy -- Periodicals; Pharmacology -- Periodicals; 615.1
• DOI: 10.1111/bph.13816
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0007-1188

Abstract

Abstract : Background and Purpose: Approaches to prevent selective and progressive loss of insulin‐producing beta cells in Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) will help to manage this prevalent and devastating disease. Curcumin (CUR), a natural anti‐inflammatory substance, suppresses diabetes‐associated inflammation and cell death. However, very high doses need to be used because of poor oral bioavailability, making it difficult to translate the anti‐inflammatory actions to clinical situations. Experimental Approach: We have prepared biodegradable nanosystems encapsulating curcumin (nCUR), resulting in at least nine‐fold improvement in oral bioavailability. Here, we tested the ability of nCUR to prevent streptozotocin (STZ)‐induced inflammation and apoptosis in pancreatic islets and beta cells, in rats. Key Results: Non‐fasted rats pretreated with 10 or 50 mg·kg −1 nCUR 6 h prior to STZ challenge had up to 37% reduction in the glucose levels, while plain CUR (50 mg·kg −1 ) results in 12% reduction. This treatment with nCUR was accompanied by decreased islet or beta cell death, as shown by TUNEL assay and H&E staining. Both CUR and nCUR significantly decreased levels of inflammatory cytokines in pancreatic tissue homogenates that correlated well with minimal histiocytic infiltration. Pre‐treatment with nCUR, but not CUR, decreased 8‐oxo‐2′‐deoxyguanosine, a sensitive biomarker of ROS‐induced DNA damage, in pancreas. In normal rodents, daily dosing for 28 days, with nCUR (25‐100 mg·kg −1 ) did not cause any deleterious health issues by the carrier. Conclusions and Implications: Together, these data indicate a potentially translatable dose of nCUR that is safe and efficacious in improving beta cell function, which could prevent T1DM.