Effect of Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound on Osteogenic Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Commitment in a New Bone Scaffold. Issue 3 (2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Carina, Valeria; Costa, Viviana; Raimondi, Lavinia; Pagani, Stefania; Sartori, Maria; Figallo, Elisa; Setti, Stefania; Alessandro, Riccardo; Fini, Milena; Giavaresi, Gianluca
• Is Part Of: Journal of applied biomaterials & functional materials. Volume 15:Issue 3(2017)
• Page Start: 215
• Page End: 222
• Publication Date: 2017
• Subjects: Human mesenchymal stem cells -- Low intensity pulsed ultrasounds -- Osteogenic differentiation -- MgHA/Coll hybrid composite scaffold; Biomedical materials -- Periodicals; Bioengineering -- Periodicals; Biomechanics -- Periodicals; 610.28
• DOI: 10.5301/jabfm.5000342
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2280-8000

Abstract

Purpose: Bone tissue engineering is helpful in finding alternatives to overcome surgery limitations. Bone growth and repair are under the control of biochemical and mechanical signals; therefore, in recent years several approaches to improve bone regeneration have been evaluated. Osteo-inductive biomaterials, stem cells, specific growth factors and biophysical stimuli are among those. The aim of the present study was to evaluate if low-intensity pulsed ultrasound stimulation (LIPUS) treatment would improve the colonization of an MgHA/Coll hybrid composite scaffold by human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and their osteogenic differentiation. LIPUS stimulation was applied to hMSCs cultured on MgHA/Coll hybrid composite scaffold in osteogenic medium, mimicking the microenvironment of a bone fracture. Methods: hMSCs were seeded on MgHA/Coll hybrid composite scaffold in an osteo-inductive medium and exposed to LIPUS treatment for 20 min/day for different experimental times (7 days, 14 days). The investigation was focused on (i) the improvement of hMSCs to colonize the MgHA/Coll hybrid composite scaffold by LIPUS, in terms of cell viability and ultrastructural analysis; (ii) the activation of MAPK/ERK, osteogenic ( ALPL, COL1A1, BGLAP, SPP1 ) and angiogenetic ( VEGF, IL8) pathways, through gene expression and protein release analysis, after LIPUS stimuli. Results: LIPUS exposure improved MgHA/Coll hybrid composite scaffold colonization and induced in vitro osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs seeded on the scaffold. Conclusions: This work shows that the combined use of new biomimetic osteo-inductive composite and LIPUS treatment could be a useful therapeutic approach in order to accelerate bone regeneration pathways.