Enhancing CCTV: Averages improve face identification from poor‐quality images. Issue 6 (17th August 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Ritchie, Kay L.; White, David; Kramer, Robin S. S.; Noyes, Eilidh; Jenkins, Rob; Burton, A. Mike
• Is Part Of: Applied cognitive psychology. Volume 32:Issue 6(2018)
• Page Start: 671
• Page End: 680
• Publication Date: 2018-08-17
• Subjects: averages -- CCTV -- face identification -- pixelated images; Cognition -- Periodicals; Psychology, Applied -- Periodicals; 153
• DOI: 10.1002/acp.3449
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0888-4080

Abstract

Summary: Low‐quality images are problematic for face identification, for example, when the police identify faces from CCTV images. Here, we test whether face averages, comprising multiple poor‐quality images, can improve both human and computer recognition. We created averages from multiple pixelated or nonpixelated images and compared accuracy using these images and exemplars. To provide a broad assessment of the potential benefits of this method, we tested human observers ( n = 88; Experiment 1), and also computer recognition, using a smartphone application (Experiment 2) and a commercial one‐to‐many face recognition system used in forensic settings (Experiment 3). The third experiment used large image databases of 900 ambient images and 7, 980 passport images. In all three experiments, we found a substantial increase in performance by averaging multiple pixelated images of a person's face. These results have implications for forensic settings in which faces are identified from poor‐quality images, such as CCTV.