Identification of neurophysiological biotypes in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Issue 11 (5th September 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Barth, Beatrix; Mayer‐Carius, Kerstin; Strehl, Ute; Kelava, Augustin; Häußinger, Florian Benedikt; Fallgatter, Andreas Jochen; Ehlis, Ann‐Christine
• Is Part Of: Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences. Volume 72:Issue 11(2018)
• Page Start: 836
• Page End: 848
• Publication Date: 2018-09-05
• Subjects: attention -- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder -- inhibition -- state regulation -- working memory; Psychiatry -- Periodicals; Neurology -- Periodicals; 616.89
• DOI: 10.1111/pcn.12773
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1323-1316

Abstract

Abstract : Aim: Findings on neurophysiological alterations in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have been proposed to underlie ADHD symptoms, with different etiological pathways for different patient biotypes. We aimed at determining whether neurophysiological deviations confirm distinct neurophysiological profiles in ADHD, thus providing direct evidence for the endophenotype concept. Methods: Neurophysiological biotypes were investigated in 87 adult patients with ADHD using cluster analysis. Parameters fed into the analysis comprised both hemodynamic and electrophysiological data. To validate results, the independent variables of the clusters were compared with healthy controls. Results: Cluster analysis yielded three neurophysiologically based ADHD biotypes showing: (i) above‐average functioning in attention allocation; (ii) difficulties in attention allocation and inhibitory control but elevated frontal activation during a working memory task; and (iii) functional impairments in state regulation. Conclusion: Classifying patients with ADHD into neurophysiological biotypes sheds light on etiological pathways, with implications for diagnostics and (individualized) treatment options.