Determination of dihalobenzoquinones in water using gas chromatography coupled with an electronic capture detector. (January 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Yu, Shanshan; Yan, Yuwei; Zhai, Hongyan; Gu, Xin; Liu, Yuan
• Is Part Of: Chemosphere. Volume 215(2019)
• Page Start: 57
• Page End: 61
• Publication Date: 2019-01
• Subjects: Dihalobenzoquinones -- Disinfection byproducts -- Gas chromatography -- Drinking water; Pollution -- Periodicals; Pollution -- Physiological effect -- Periodicals; Environmental sciences -- Periodicals; Atmospheric chemistry -- Periodicals; 551.511
• DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.09.134
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0045-6535

Abstract

Abstract: Dihalobenzoquinones are a group of disinfection byproducts with high potential toxicity and thus currently receiving increased attention. A determination method of 2, 6-dichloro-1, 4-benzoquinone (2, 6-DCBQ) and 2, 6-dibromo-1, 4-benzoquinone (2, 6-DBBQ) was developed upon using liquid-liquid extraction and a gas chromatography with an electronic capture detector (LLE-GC-ECD). The optimized extraction condition was as the following: volume ratio of formic acid to water 0.005%, Na2 SO4 dosage 200 g L −1, methyl- tert -butyl ether (M t BE)/water volume ratio 1/10, and extraction with M t BE for once. With the dosed concentrations of 0.5–5.0 μg L −1, the recovery rates of 2, 6-DCBQ and 2, 6-DBBQ were 81%–88% and 73%–96%. The limits of quantitation (LOQs) of the LLE-GC-ECD method were 2.4 and 2.7 ng L −1 in 1-L water for 2, 6-DCBQ and 2, 6-DBBQ. In six local tap waters, 2, 6-DCBQ was detected in the range of <LOQ−20.5 ng L −1 and no 2, 6-DBBQ was detected. The method is recommended for low-cost and rapid determination of 2, 6-DCBQ and 2, 6-DBBQ in water. Highlights: A reliable analytical method for dihalobenzoquinones was developed with gas chromatography. The limit of quantitation reached 2.4–2.7 ng L −1 in water for 2, 6-DCBQ and 2, 6-DBBQ. 2, 6-dichloro-1, 4-benzoquinone was detected in local tap waters and wastewater.