Anatomical organization of descending cortical projections orchestrating the patterns of cortically induced rhythmical jaw muscle activity in guinea pigs. (October 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Kato, Takafumi; Seki, Shinichiro; Higashiyama, Makoto; Masuda, Yuji; Kitamura, Seiichiro; Yoshida, Atsushi
• Is Part Of: Neuroscience research. Volume 99(2015:Oct.)
• Page Start: 34
• Page End: 45
• Publication Date: 2015-10
• Subjects: 3V third ventricle -- 7N facial nerve -- ABC avidin–biotin–peroxidase complex -- Ag agranular cortex -- BDA biotinylated dextran amine -- CB-RJMA RJMA with continuous masseter and digastric bursts -- cc corpus callosum -- Cl claustrum -- CL central lateral nucleus of the thalamus -- CM central medial nucleus of the thalamus -- CMA cortical masticatory area -- cp cerebral peduncle -- Cu cuneate nucleus -- DR dorsal raphe nucleus -- EMG electromyographic -- Gr granular cortex -- IC inferior colliculus -- III oculomotor nucleus -- IO inferior olive -- Ins insular cortex -- Jc jaw-closing nucleus of the Vmo -- Jo jaw-opening nucleus of the Vmo -- MD mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus -- ml medial lemniscus -- mRt midbrain reticular formation -- mt mammillothalamic tract -- PAG periaqueductal gray -- Pb parabrachial nucleus -- PB phosphate buffer -- PBS phosphate-buffered saline -- PC paracentral nucleus of the thalamus -- Po posterior nucleus of the thalamus -- py pyramidal tract -- pyx pyramidal decussation -- Re reuniens nucleus of the thalamus -- Rh rhomboid nucleus of the thalamus -- RJMA(s) rhythmical jaw muscle activity (-ies) -- RmJo reticular region medial to the Jo -- RN red nucleus -- Rt reticular nucleus of the thalamus -- SC superior colliculus -- SCD deep gray layer of the SC -- SCI intermediate gray layer of the SC -- SCS superficial gray layer of the SC -- scp superior cerebellar peduncle -- SLB-RJMA RJMA with stimulus-locked digastric sub-bursts -- Sm submedial nucleus of the thalamus -- SN substantia nigra -- SO superior olive -- Sol nucleus of the solitary tract -- Vc trigeminal caudal subnucleus -- Vi trigeminal interpolar subnucleus -- VII facial nucleus -- Vint intertrigeminal region -- Vjuxt juxtatrigeminal region -- VL ventral lateral nucleus of the thalamus -- VM ventromedial nucleus of the thalamus -- Vmes trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus -- Vmo trigeminal motor nucleus -- Vo trigeminal oral subnucleus -- Vp trigeminal principal nucleus -- VPL ventral posterolateral nucleus of the thalamus -- VPM ventral posteromedial nucleus of the thalamus -- Vsup supratrigeminal region -- Vtr trigeminal spinal tract -- XII hypoglossal nucleus -- X vagal nucleus -- ZI zona incerta; Rhythmical jaw movement -- Mastication -- Cortical masticatory area -- Descending projection -- Trigeminal system; Neurosciences -- Research -- Periodicals; Neurosciences -- Research -- Japan -- Periodicals; Neurology -- Periodicals; Neurosciences -- Periodicals; Neurosciences -- Recherche -- Périodiques; Neurosciences -- Recherche -- Japon -- Périodiques; Neurosciences -- Research; Japan; Periodicals; 612.8
• DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2015.05.006
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0168-0102

Abstract

Highlights: Descending projections from the cortical masticatory area (CMA) were investigated. Three patterns of rhythmical jaw muscle activities (RJMAs) were evoked from the CMA. Three cortical regions responsible for the RJMAs were determined within the CMA. Three regions differently projected to thalamus, midbrain, pons and medulla. Multiple descending projections play roles for controlling different types of RJMAs. Abstract: Repetitive electrical microstimulation to the cortical masticatory area (CMA) evokes distinct patterns of rhythmical jaw muscle activities (RJMAs) in animals. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of the descending projections from the CMA, associated with distinct patterns of RJMAs, to the thalamus, midbrain, pons and medulla in guinea pigs. RJMAs with continuous masseter and digastric bursts (CB-RJMAs) and stimulus-locked digastric sub-bursts (SLB-RJMAs) were induced from the anterior and posterior areas of the rostral region of the lateral agranular cortex, and chewing-like RJMAs from the rostral region of the granular cortex. Anterograde tracer, biotinylated dextran amine, was injected into the three cortical areas. The cortical area inducing CB-RJMAs had strong ipsilateral projections to the motor thalamus, red nucleus, midbrain reticular formation, superior colliculus, parabrachial nucleus, and supratrigeminal region, and contralateral projections mainly to the lateral reticular formation around the trigeminal motor nucleus (Vmo). The cortical area inducing SLB-RJMAs had moderate projections to the motor thalamus and lateral reticular formation around the Vmo, but few projections to the midbrain nuclei. The cortical area inducing chewing-like RJMAs had strong projections to the ipsilateral sensory thalamus and contralateral trigeminal sensory nuclei, and moderate projections to the lateral reticular formation. The three cortical areas consistently had few projections to the ventromedial reticular formation. The present study demonstrates that multiple direct and indirect descending projections from the CMA onto the premotor systems connecting the trigeminal motoneurons represent the neuroanatomical repertoires for generating RJMAs during the distinct phases of natural ingestive behavior.