Gut Microbiota as a Modulator of Paneth Cells During Parenteral Nutrition in Mice. Issue 8 (27th April 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Wang, Jiwei; Tian, Feng; Wang, Peng; Zheng, Huijun; Zhang, Ying; Tian, Hao; Zhang, Li; Gao, Xuejin; Wang, Xinying
• Is Part Of: JPEN, Journal of parenteral and enteral nutrition. Volume 42:Issue 8(2018)
• Page Start: 1280
• Page End: 1287
• Publication Date: 2018-04-27
• Subjects: antimicrobial peptide -- gut microbiota -- Paneth cell -- parenteral nutrition -- tryptophan metabolism; Parenteral feeding -- Periodicals; Enteral feeding -- Periodicals; 615.85484
• DOI: 10.1002/jpen.1162
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0148-6071

Abstract

Abstract: Background: Parenteral nutrition (PN) leads to decreased production of Paneth cell–derived antimicrobial peptides and is accompanied by dysbiosis of the gut. The role of gut microbiota in regulating Paneth cell function during PN is unknown. Methods: Male C57BL/6 mice received either an antibiotic cocktail (Abx) or nothing (Normal) in their drinking water for 2 weeks before being fed either standard laboratory chow (Abx‐Chow and Normal‐Chow) or a continuous infusion of PN solution (Abx‐PN and Normal‐PN) for 7 days. In a separate experiment, the intestinal contents of mice having received 7 days of Chow or PN were transferred by gavage to germ‐free (GF) mice. Results: Antibiotic treatment decreased the protein levels of lysozyme and RegIIIγ and the mRNA level of α‐defensin 5, with no further effect by PN compared with chow. However, these measurements were higher in Abx‐PN mice than in Normal‐PN mice. When compared with Chow→GF, PN→GF mice demonstrated lower body weight, shorter intestinal length, severe atrophy of the ileum villus, and lower levels of lysozyme and RegIIIγ protein and α‐defensin 5 mRNA. Interleukin ( IL )‐ 22 and IL‐17 mRNA levels declined in the ileum. Principal component analysis revealed major differences between the metabolite compositions of the Chow and PN, as well as the Chow→GF and PN→GF groups that appears to indicate aberrant tryptophan metabolism. Conclusions: Gut microbiota plays a vital role in PN‐related Paneth cell dysfunction. Dysbiosis during PN might alter the production of microbial metabolites, thereby influencing the production of Paneth cell–derived antimicrobial peptides.