Confidence intervals of the Mann‐Whitney parameter that are compatible with the Wilcoxon‐Mann‐Whitney test. (8th July 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Fay, Michael P.; Malinovsky, Yaakov
• Is Part Of: Statistics in medicine. Volume 37:Number 27(2018)
• Page Start: 3991
• Page End: 4006
• Publication Date: 2018-07-08
• Subjects: area under the curve -- Mann‐Whitney U test -- probabilistic index -- receiver operating characteristic curve -- Wilcoxon rank sum test; Medical statistics -- Periodicals; Statistique médicale -- Périodiques; Statistiques médicales -- Périodiques; 610.727
• DOI: 10.1002/sim.7890
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0277-6715

Abstract

Abstract : For the two‐sample problem, the Wilcoxon‐Mann‐Whitney (WMW) test is used frequently: it is simple to explain (a permutation test on the difference in mean ranks), it handles continuous or ordinal responses, it can be implemented for large or small samples, it is robust to outliers, it requires few assumptions, and it is efficient in many cases. Unfortunately, the WMW test is rarely presented with an effect estimate and confidence interval. A natural effect parameter associated with this test is the Mann‐Whitney parameter, φ = Pr[ X < Y ] + 0.5 Pr[ X = Y ]. Ideally, we desire confidence intervals on φ that are compatible with the WMW test, meaning the test rejects at level α if and only if the 100(1 − α )% confidence interval on the Mann‐Whitney parameter excludes 1/2. Existing confidence interval procedures on φ are not compatible with the usual asymptotic implementation of the WMW test that uses a continuity correction nor are they compatible with exact WMW tests. We develop compatible confidence interval procedures for the asymptotic WMW tests and confidence interval procedures for some exact WMW tests that appear to be compatible. We discuss assumptions and interpretation of the resulting tests and confidence intervals. We provide thewmwTest function of theasht R package to calculate all of the developed confidence intervals.