40-year incidence trends for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma in the United States. (November 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Osazuwa-Peters, Nosayaba; Simpson, Matthew C.; Massa, Sean T.; Adjei Boakye, Eric; Antisdel, Jastin L.; Varvares, Mark A.
• Is Part Of: Oral oncology. Volume 74(2017)
• Page Start: 90
• Page End: 97
• Publication Date: 2017-11
• Subjects: Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma -- Head and neck cancer -- Cancer incidence and trends -- Joinpoint analysis -- Annual percent changes -- SEER; Mouth -- Cancer -- Periodicals; Mouth -- Tumors -- Periodicals; Mouth Diseases -- Periodicals; Mouth Neoplasms -- Periodicals; Bouche -- Cancer -- Périodiques; Bouche -- Tumeurs -- Périodiques; Tumeurs -- Périodiques; Electronic journals; 616.9943105
• DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2017.09.015
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1368-8375

Abstract

Highlights: Incidence of oropharyngeal cancer has increased in the last 40 years in the US. Increasing incidence is driven mostly by White males aged 50 years and older. Incidence rates among Blacks males aged ≥50 years decreased sharply around 1988. OPSCC incidence in White males surpassed rates in Blacks beginning in 2008. Incidence rates in females were lower than men across all races and age groups. Abstract: Objectives: To determine differences in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) incidence between 1975 and 2014 stratified by race, sex, and age. Materials and methods: We obtained age-adjusted OPSCC incidence rates for race and sex groups from 1975 to 2014 using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 9 database. We defined OPSCC as cancers of the base of tongue, lingual/palatine tonsil, oropharynx, soft palate, uvula, and Waldeyer's ring. We used Joinpoint analyses to determine incidence trends for race/sex/age groupings. Results: There were 38, 624 oropharyngeal primary tumors in the analyses. Males accounted for 74% of sample population, and whites accounted for 84% of tumors. Overall, there was a 57.3% increase in incidence of oropharyngeal between 1975 and 2014. For blacks and whites, average incidence was lower for females than males. Rates for black males aged ≥50 years was highest for most of the follow-up time but decreased sharply around 1988 and were surpassed by the significant increase in incidence in white males aged 50–59 (1995–2014 APC = 4.07, p < 0.001) and ≥60 years (2002–2014 APC = 4.25, p < 0.001). For males aged ≥60, whites had higher rates than blacks starting in 2010. OPSCC incidence in White males (10.99 per 100, 000 person-years) surpassed rates in Blacks (10.14 per 100, 000 person-years) beginning in 2008. Conclusion: OPSCC has significantly increased in the United States in the last 40 years. This overall increase in OPSCC can primarily be attributed to white males. OPSCC prevention and early detection efforts could target these demographic factors to decrease rising OPSCC incidence.