Cognitive consequences of sleep deprivation, shiftwork, and heat exposure for underground miners. (January 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Legault, Glenn; Clement, Alexandra; Kenny, Glen P.; Hardcastle, Stephen; Keller, Nancy
• Is Part Of: Applied ergonomics. Volume 58(2016)
• Page Start: 144
• Page End: 150
• Publication Date: 2017-01
• Subjects: Fatigue -- Sleep deprivation -- Heat exposure -- Cognition; Human engineering -- Periodicals; 620.82
• DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2016.06.007
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0003-6870

Abstract

Abstract: Sleep deprivation, abnormal sleep patterns arising from working rotating shifts, and exposure to high ambient temperatures contribute to physical and cognitive dysfunction. We examined the effects of these on 19 (41.5 ± 5.1 years) male underground miners. Data were collected for 28 to 30 consecutive days such that the participants experienced their full rotating shift schedule, including days off. Objective measures of sleep quality (actigraphy), attentional capacity (psychomotor vigilance task), core body temperature (visceral pill), executive function (BRIEF-A) and subjective measures of fatigue (Karolinska and Epworth Sleepiness scales) were obtained over the 28–30 day period. Non-parametric analyses (χ 2, Wilcoxen Signed ranks) were used to determine differences between shift types and days off. Z-tests were used to compare sample data to population norms. These revealed that the participants experienced poor quality of sleep relative to age-matched norms irrespective of the shift being worked or if the participant was on a scheduled day off [30–39 year olds: z = −14.62, p < 0.001; 40–49 year olds: z = −4.44, p < 0.001]. Participants when working day shift experienced less sleep prior to beginning work compared to their days off or night shift; however, no differences in total sleep time between when participants worked day or night shifts were observed [χ 2 (2, n = 18) = 13.44, p < 0.01]. When measured subjectively, the only time participants reported excessive sleepiness was after a night shift. Objective measures of attentional capacity showed best performance at the beginning of night shifts in contrast to any other time that the task was completed; however, performance degraded dramatically over the course of the night shift [χ 2 (2, n = 12) = 6.50, p < 0.05]. We show that underground miners reported for work sleep deprived. The cognitive consequences of this poor sleep were most pronounced during night shift when their attentional capacity declined rapidly over the course of the night shift. Highlights: In general, middle-age male miners experienced truncated or poor quality sleep. Poor/insufficient sleep did not negatively influence daytime attentional capacity. Miners were most alert at the start of a night shift but this decreased rapidly.