Deletion of Fstl1 (Follistatin-Like 1) From the Endocardial/Endothelial Lineage Causes Mitral Valve Disease. Issue 9 (September 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Prakash, Stuti; Borreguero, Luis J.J.; Sylva, Marc; Flores Ruiz, Lorena; Rezai, Fereshte; Gunst, Quinn D.; de la Pompa, José-Luis; Ruijter, Jan M.; van den Hoff, Maurice J.B.
• Is Part Of: Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology. Volume 37:Issue 9(2017)
• Publication Date: 2017-09
• Subjects: animals -- echocardiography -- endocardium -- heart failure -- mitral valve; Arteriosclerosis -- Periodicals; Thrombosis -- Periodicals; Blood-vessels -- Pathophysiology -- Periodicals; Electronic journals; 616.13
• DOI: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.117.309089
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1079-5642

Abstract

Abstract : Objective—: Fstl1 (Follistatin-like 1) is a secreted protein that is expressed in the atrioventricular valves throughout embryonic development, postnatal maturation, and adulthood. In this study, we investigated the loss of Fstl1 in the endocardium/endothelium and their derived cells. Approach and Results—: We conditionally ablated Fstl1 from the endocardial lineage using a transgenic Tie2-Cre mouse model. These mice showed a sustained Bmp and Tgfβ signaling after birth. This resulted in ongoing proliferation and endocardial-to-mesenchymal transition and ultimately in deformed nonfunctional mitral valves and a hypertrophic dilated heart. Echocardiographic and electrocardiographic analyses revealed that loss of Fstl1 leads to mitral regurgitation and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction. Cardiac function gradually deteriorated resulting in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and death of the mice between 2 and 4 weeks after birth. Conclusions—: We report on a mouse model in which deletion of Fstl1 from the endocardial/endothelial lineage results in deformed mitral valves, which cause regurgitation, heart failure, and early cardiac death. The findings provide a potential molecular target for the clinical research into myxomatous mitral valve disease. Abstract : Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text.