Characteristic X-ray detector with a large sensitive area: Its sensitivity to environmental radioactive cesium and imaging performance as confirmed in an area of Fukushima. (November 2018) - Kobayashi, Shingo
Abstract: An X-ray detector which we call the characteristic X-ray detector (CXRD) with a large sensitive area of 199 cm 2 was studied as a candidate imaging device with high sensitivity, light weight and low-cost features to visualize environmental 137 Cs deposited after the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Station accident. The CXRD has a directionality for its sensitivity and it is able to visualize a spatial distribution of 137 Cs by scanning the flux of 32 keV characteristic X-rays due to disintegration of 137 Cs instead of imaging the 662 keV gamma-rays from 137 Cs. Our experimental results showed that the counting efficiency of the CXRD was 105 counts per second for a 1 MBq 137 Cs source at a distance of 1 m and the CXRD had a very high counting efficiency for a certain direction. We estimated the potential sensitivity of the CXRD when it was used in the scanning mode to image an area of 2π sr. The CXRD was tested in a contaminated forest in Fukushima Prefecture and images of the spatial distribution of 137 Cs in the forest were successfully obtained. We found that most of the 137 Cs was present in the forest floor and no 137 Cs was detected in the atmosphere and the tree canopy. The CXRD is useful because of its low cost, light weight and high sensitivity as a 137 Cs imaging device for monitoring post devices in forests and as a portable imaging device to confirm the effectiveness of decontamination work. Highlights: An X-ray detector with a large sensitive area was developed. The detector has a high counting efficiency and very good directionality. The detector was tested around Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (FDNPS). The flux of 32 keV photons due to 137 Cs decay was scanned in forest around FDNPS. The image showed that the most of 137 Cs was present in the forest floor.