A rare case of gradual enlargement of a multifocal myelolipoma of the posterior mediastinum for 12 years after surgical resection of an adrenal myelolipoma. (2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Haro, Akira; Fujishita, Takatoshi; Nishikawa, Haruka; Taguchi, Yoshihiro; Kouda, Takuyuki; Kajiwara, Koutaro; Makino, Hideki; Kanematsu, Takanori; Oshiro, Yumi; Yokoyama, Hideki
• Is Part Of: International journal of surgery case reports. Volume 51(2018)
• Page Start: 400
• Page End: 403
• Publication Date: 2018
• Subjects: Myelolipoma -- Posterior mediastinum -- Adrenal gland -- Surgical resection -- Video-assisted thoracic surgery; Surgery -- Periodicals; Surgical Procedures, Operative -- Periodicals; Surgery; Electronic journals; Periodicals; 617.005
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2018.09.027
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2210-2612

Abstract

Highlights: A myelolipoma is a rare benign tumor comprising adipose tissue and normal hematopoietic cells. A myelolipoma commonly occurs in the unilateral adrenal gland. This is the first rare case of multifocal myelolipomas of the mediastinum and adrenal gland. Abstract: Introduction: A myelolipoma is a rare benign tumor that is composed of adipose tissue and hematopoietic elements. Myelolipomas most commonly occur in the unilateral adrenal gland. Posterior mediastinal myelolipomas are extremely rare. We herein present a rare case of a multifocal myelolipoma of the mediastinum that gradually enlarged over a 12-year period after surgical resection of an adrenal myelolipoma. This is the first report of multifocal myelolipomas of the posterior mediastinum and adrenal gland. Presentation of case: A posterior mediastinal tumor was incidentally found by chest X-ray and computed tomography (CT) examination of a 74-year-old woman. The patient had a medical history of resection of a myelolipoma of the left adrenal gland 12 years earlier. We performed tumor extirpation under video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS). The size of the tumor was 4.5 cm, and the postoperative diagnosis was a myelolipoma. Discussion: Posterior mediastinal myelolipomas are extremely rare, and only 39 cases of mediastinal myelolipoma have been reported to date. No reports have described a multifocal myelipoma of mediastinal myelolipoma. To our knowledge, this is the first report of multifocal myelipomas of the adrenal gland and posterior mediastinum. Conclusion: A differential diagnosis of myelolipoma of the posterior mediastinum is important in patients with a history of myelolipoma of the adrenal gland.