Distribution-Free Predictive Inference for Regression. Issue 523 (3rd July 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Lei, Jing; G'Sell, Max; Rinaldo, Alessandro; Tibshirani, Ryan J.; Wasserman, Larry
• Is Part Of: Journal of the American Statistical Association. Volume 113:Issue 523(2018)
• Page Start: 1094
• Page End: 1111
• Publication Date: 2018-07-03
• Subjects: Distribution-free -- Model misspecification -- Prediction band -- Regression -- Variable importance; Statistics -- Periodicals; Statistics -- Periodicals; Statistiques -- Périodiques; États-Unis -- Statistiques -- Périodiques; 519.5
• DOI: 10.1080/01621459.2017.1307116
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0162-1459

Abstract

ABSTRACT: We develop a general framework for distribution-free predictive inference in regression, using conformal inference. The proposed methodology allows for the construction of a prediction band for the response variable using any estimator of the regression function. The resulting prediction band preserves the consistency properties of the original estimator under standard assumptions, while guaranteeing finite-sample marginal coverage even when these assumptions do not hold. We analyze and compare, both empirically and theoretically, the two major variants of our conformal framework: full conformal inference and split conformal inference, along with a related jackknife method. These methods offer different tradeoffs between statistical accuracy (length of resulting prediction intervals) and computational efficiency. As extensions, we develop a method for constructing valid in-sample prediction intervals called rank-one-out conformal inference, which has essentially the same computational efficiency as split conformal inference. We also describe an extension of our procedures for producing prediction bands with locally varying length, to adapt to heteroscedasticity in the data. Finally, we propose a model-free notion of variable importance, called leave-one-covariate-out or LOCO inference. Accompanying this article is an R packageconformalInference that implements all of the proposals we have introduced. In the spirit of reproducibility, all of our empirical results can also be easily (re)generated using this package.