Drug-resistant tuberculosis – primary transmission and management. (June 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Outhred, Alexander C.; Britton, Philip N.; Marais, Ben J.
• Is Part Of: Journal of infection. Volume 74(2017)Supplement 1
• Page Start: S128
• Page End: S135
• Publication Date: 2017-06
• Subjects: Drug-resistant tuberculosis -- Transmission -- Epidemiology; Infection -- Periodicals; Bacterial Infections -- Periodicals; Communicable Diseases -- Periodicals; Electronic journals; 616.905
• DOI: 10.1016/S0163-4453(17)30203-7
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0163-4453

Abstract

Summary: The DOTS strategy assisted global tuberculosis (TB) control, but was unable to prevent the emergence and spread of drug-resistant strains. Genomic evidence confirms the transmission of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains in many different settings, indicative of epidemic spread. These findings emphasise the need for enhanced infection control measures in health care and congregate settings. Young children in TB endemic areas are particularly vulnerable. Although advances in TB drug and vaccine development are urgently needed, improved access to currently available preventive therapy and treatment for drug resistant TB could reduce the disease burden and adverse outcomes experienced by children. We review new insights into the transmission dynamics of drug resistant TB, the estimated disease burden in children and optimal management strategies to consider.