Soluble forms of CD46 are detected in Bos taurus plasma and neutralize BVDV, the bovine pestivirus. (December 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Alzamel, Nidal; Bayrou, Calixte; Decreux, Annabelle; Desmecht, Daniel
• Is Part Of: Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases. Volume 49(2016)
• Page Start: 39
• Page End: 46
• Publication Date: 2016-12
• Subjects: CD46 -- Bos taurus -- BVD/MD -- Soluble receptor; Communicable diseases in animals -- Periodicals; Veterinary immunology -- Periodicals; Veterinary microbiology -- Periodicals; Immunology -- Periodicals; Microbiology -- Periodicals; Communicable diseases -- Periodicals; Communicable Diseases -- immunology -- Periodicals; Communicable Diseases -- veterinary -- Periodicals; Allergy and Immunology -- Periodicals; Microbiology -- Periodicals; Veterinary Medicine -- Periodicals; Immunologie -- Périodiques; Microbiologie -- Périodiques; Maladies infectieuses -- Périodiques; Communicable diseases; Immunology; Microbiology; Electronic journals; Periodicals; 636.08969
• DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2016.09.001
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0147-9571

Abstract

Highlights: BVDV, the bovine pestivirus, uses CD46's distal module CCP1 for attachment. Alternative splicing result in a truncated, soluble CD46 containing CCP1. Soluble CD46 is detected in serum and neutralizes BVDV in vitro. Serum CD46 phenotype is genetically-determined. Abstract: The pestivirus bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is known to bind to the CD46 molecule, which subsequently promotes entry of the virus. Mapping of the BVD-virion-binding site has shown that two peptides, 66EQIV69 and 82GQVLAL87, located on antiparallel beta sheets in the most distal complement control protein module (CCP1), provide the attachment platform. In the present study, we reveal new CD46-encoding transcripts that are predicted to encode CCP1-containing soluble forms. Further, we show that the serum of most adult cattle contains soluble CD46 (sCD46) and that a recombinant soluble isoform neutralizes BVDV infectivity in an in vitro assay. We have then established an ELISA for determination of plasma sCD46 in a large cohort of animals. Overall, serum sCD46 amounts to 8 ± 18 ng/mL (mean ± SD, n = 440), with a IC [95-105] ranging from 6, 4 to 9, 8 ng/mL and extreme values ​​between 0 and 178 ng/mL. We found that sCD46 is not detectable in fetal and neonatal sera and that its plasma concentration increases progressively up to adulthood. We also detected high- and low-sCD46 performers and show that this phenotype does not depend of environment. As modern rearing techniques make it possible to disseminate genetically-determined phenotypes very quickly in a population, a large-scale study examining whether high-sCD46 animals provide epidemiological protection against BVDV infection and transmission should be undertaken.